Setfacl

setfacl -

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SETFACL(1) Access Control Lists SETFACL(1)

NAME

      setfacl - set file access control lists

SYNOPSIS

      setfacl [-bkndRLPvh] [{-m|-x} acl_spec] [{-M|-X} acl_file] file ...

      setfacl --restore={file|-}

DESCRIPTION

      This  utility  sets Access Control Lists (ACLs) of files and directories.  On the command line, a
      sequence of commands is followed by a sequence of files (which in turn can be followed by another
      sequence of commands, ...).

      The -m and -x options expect an ACL on the command line. Multiple ACL entries  are  separated  by
      comma characters (`,'). The -M and -X options read an ACL from a file or from standard input. The
      ACL entry format is described in Section ACL ENTRIES.

      The  --set  and  --set-file options set the ACL of a file or a directory. The previous ACL is re‐
      placed.  ACL entries for this operation must include permissions.

      The -m (--modify) and -M (--modify-file) options modify the ACL of a file or directory.  ACL  en‐
      tries for this operation must include permissions.

      The -x (--remove) and -X (--remove-file) options remove ACL entries. It is not an error to remove
      an  entry which does not exist.  Only ACL entries without the perms field are accepted as parame‐
      ters, unless POSIXLY_CORRECT is defined.

      When reading from files using the -M and -X options, setfacl accepts the output getfacl produces.
      There is at most one ACL entry per line. After a Pound sign (`#'), everything up to  the  end  of
      the line is treated as a comment.

      If  setfacl  is  used  on a file system which does not support ACLs, setfacl operates on the file
      mode permission bits. If the ACL does not fit completely in the permission bits, setfacl modifies
      the file mode permission bits to reflect the ACL as closely as possible, writes an error  message
      to standard error, and returns with an exit status greater than 0.

  PERMISSIONS
      The  file  owner  and  processes  capable of CAP_FOWNER are granted the right to modify ACLs of a
      file. This is analogous to the permissions required for accessing  the  file  mode.  (On  current
      Linux systems, root is the only user with the CAP_FOWNER capability.)

OPTIONS

      -b, --remove-all
          Remove  all extended ACL entries. The base ACL entries of the owner, group and others are re‐
          tained.

      -k, --remove-default
          Remove the Default ACL. If no Default ACL exists, no warnings are issued.

      -n, --no-mask
          Do not recalculate the effective rights mask. The default behavior of setfacl is to  recalcu‐
          late  the ACL mask entry, unless a mask entry was explicitly given.  The mask entry is set to
          the union of all permissions of the owning group, and  all  named  user  and  group  entries.
          (These are exactly the entries affected by the mask entry).

      --mask
          Do  recalculate  the  effective  rights mask, even if an ACL mask entry was explicitly given.
          (See the -n option.)

      -d, --default
          All operations apply to the Default ACL. Regular ACL entries in the input set are promoted to
          Default ACL entries. Default ACL entries in the input set are discarded. (A warning is issued
          if that happens).

      --restore={file|-}
          Restore a permission backup created by `getfacl -R' or similar. All permissions of a complete
          directory subtree are restored using this mechanism. If the input contains owner comments  or
          group comments, setfacl attempts to restore the owner and owning group. If the input contains
          flags  comments  (which define the setuid, setgid, and sticky bits), setfacl sets those three
          bits accordingly; otherwise, it clears them. This option cannot be mixed with  other  options
          except `--test'.  If the file specified is '-', then it will be read from standard input.

      --test
          Test mode. Instead of changing the ACLs of any files, the resulting ACLs are listed.

      -R, --recursive
          Apply  operations  to all files and directories recursively. This option cannot be mixed with
          `--restore'.

      -L, --logical
          Logical walk, follow symbolic links to directories. The default behavior is  to  follow  sym‐
          bolic  link arguments, and skip symbolic links encountered in subdirectories.  Only effective
          in combination with -R.  This option cannot be mixed with `--restore'.

      -P, --physical
          Physical walk, do not follow symbolic links to directories.  This also  skips  symbolic  link
          arguments.   Only  effective in combination with -R.  This option cannot be mixed with `--re‐
          store'.

      -v, --version
          Print the version of setfacl and exit.

      -h, --help
          Print help explaining the command line options.

      --  End of command line options. All remaining parameters are interpreted as file names, even  if
          they start with a dash.

      -   If  the file name parameter is a single dash, setfacl reads a list of files from standard in‐
          put.

  ACL ENTRIES
      The setfacl utility recognizes the following ACL entry formats (blanks inserted for clarity):

      [d[efault]:] [u[ser]:]uid [:perms]
             Permissions of a named user. Permissions of the file owner if uid is empty.

      [d[efault]:] g[roup]:gid [:perms]
             Permissions of a named group. Permissions of the owning group if gid is empty.

      [d[efault]:] m[ask][:] [:perms]
             Effective rights mask

      [d[efault]:] o[ther][:] [:perms]
             Permissions of others.

      Whitespace between delimiter characters and non-delimiter characters is ignored.

      Proper ACL entries including permissions are used in modify and set operations. (options -m,  -M,
      --set and --set-file).  Entries without the perms field are used for deletion of entries (options
      -x and -X).

      For  uid  and gid you can specify either a name or a number.  Character literals may be specified
      with a backslash followed by the 3-digit octal digits corresponding to the  ASCII  code  for  the
      character  (e.g.,  \101 for 'A').  If the name contains a literal backslash followed by 3 digits,
      the backslash must be escaped (i.e., \\).

      The perms field is a combination of characters that indicate the read (r), write (w), execute (x)
      permissions.  Dash characters in the perms field (-) are ignored.  The character X stands for the
      execute permission if the file is a directory or already has execute permission  for  some  user.
      Alternatively,  the perms field can define the permissions numerically, as a bit-wise combination
      of read (4), write (2), and execute (1).  Zero perms fields or perms fields that only consist  of
      dashes indicate no permissions.

  AUTOMATICALLY CREATED ENTRIES
      Initially,  files  and  directories  contain  only  the three base ACL entries for the owner, the
      group, and others. There are some rules that need to be satisfied in  order  for  an  ACL  to  be
      valid:

      *   The  three  base  entries cannot be removed. There must be exactly one entry of each of these
          base entry types.

      *   Whenever an ACL contains named user entries or named group objects, it must also  contain  an
          effective rights mask.

      *   Whenever an ACL contains any Default ACL entries, the three Default ACL base entries (default
          owner, default group, and default others) must also exist.

      *   Whenever  a Default ACL contains named user entries or named group objects, it must also con‐
          tain a default effective rights mask.

      To help the user ensure these rules, setfacl creates entries from existing entries under the fol‐
      lowing conditions:

      *   If an ACL contains named user or named group entries, and no mask entry exists, a mask  entry
          containing the same permissions as the group entry is created. Unless the -n option is given,
          the  permissions  of  the mask entry are further adjusted to include the union of all permis‐
          sions affected by the mask entry. (See the -n option description).

      *   If a Default ACL entry is created, and the Default ACL contains no owner,  owning  group,  or
          others  entry, a copy of the ACL owner, owning group, or others entry is added to the Default
          ACL.

      *   If a Default ACL contains named user entries or named group entries, and no  mask  entry  ex‐
          ists,  a  mask entry containing the same permissions as the default Default ACL's group entry
          is added. Unless the -n option is given, the permissions of the mask entry  are  further  ad‐
          justed to include the union of all permissions affected by the mask entry. (See the -n option
          description).

EXAMPLES

      Granting an additional user read access
             setfacl -m u:lisa:r file

      Revoking write access from all groups and all named users (using the effective rights mask)
             setfacl -m m::rx file

      Removing a named group entry from a file's ACL
             setfacl -x g:staff file

      Copying the ACL of one file to another
             getfacl file1 | setfacl --set-file=- file2

      Copying the access ACL into the Default ACL
             getfacl --access dir | setfacl -d -M- dir

CONFORMANCE TO POSIX 1003.1e DRAFT STANDARD 17

      If  the  environment variable POSIXLY_CORRECT is defined, the default behavior of setfacl changes
      as follows: All non-standard options are disabled.  The ``default: prefix is disabled.  The  -x
      and -X options also accept permission fields (and ignore them).

AUTHOR

      Andreas Gruenbacher, <andreas.gruenbacher@gmail.com>.

      Please send your bug reports, suggested features and comments to the above address.

SEE ALSO

      getfacl(1), chmod(1), umask(1), acl(5)

May 2000 ACL File Utilities SETFACL(1)