IPv4/Adressraum: Unterschied zwischen den Versionen
Erscheinungsbild
Die Seite wurde neu angelegt: „== IPv4-Adressraum == Allgemein gilt * Anzahl der IPv4-Adressen = 2<sup>32 - Länge der Netzadresse</sup> * Erste und letzte IPv4-Adresse ist reserviert für Netzwerk- bzw. Broadcast-Adresse {| class="wikitable" !Notation !Anzahl der Adressen !Nutzbare<br />Host-Adressen !Subnetzmaske<br />dezimal !Subnetzmaske<br />binär !Kommentar |- |/0 |4.294.967.296 |– |0.0.0.0 |<code><span style="color:#bbb">00000000.00000000.00000000.00000000</span></code> | Vo…“ |
K Textersetzung - „IPv4/Subnetting“ durch „IPv4/Subnetz“ |
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(32 dazwischenliegende Versionen desselben Benutzers werden nicht angezeigt) | |||
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== | '''IPv4/Adressraum''' | ||
Allgemein gilt | |||
== Beschreibung == | |||
; Allgemein gilt | |||
* Anzahl der IPv4-Adressen = 2<sup>32 - Länge der Netzadresse</sup> | * Anzahl der IPv4-Adressen = 2<sup>32 - Länge der Netzadresse</sup> | ||
* Erste und letzte IPv4-Adresse ist reserviert für Netzwerk- bzw. Broadcast-Adresse | * Erste und letzte IPv4-Adresse ist reserviert für Netzwerk- bzw. Broadcast-Adresse | ||
{| class="wikitable" | ; Adressbereiche der Größe ''/0'' bis ''/7'' | ||
!Notation | * werden in der Praxis nicht als einzelnes Subnetz verwendet, sondern in mehrere Subnetze unterteilt | ||
! | |||
! | ; /31-Netze enthalten keine nutzbaren Host-Adressen | ||
!Subnetzmaske<br />dezimal | * während ''/32'' kein Subnetz, sondern immer einen einzelnen Host adressiert. | ||
!Subnetzmaske<br />binär | * Hierbei gibt es auch Ausnahmen. So wurde im RFC 3021 vorgeschlagen, dass ''/31''-Netze genutzt werden, um Point-to-point-Verbindungen zu etablieren. | ||
!Kommentar | * Dies wurde unter anderem von der Firma Cisco implementiert. | ||
* Des Weiteren ist es unter bestimmten Umständen möglich, die Netz- und Broadcastadresse für Hosts zu verwenden | |||
== Übersicht == | |||
{| class="wikitable options col1center col2right col3right col4right" | |||
! Notation !! Adressen | |||
! !! für Hosts !!Subnetzmaske<br/>dezimal !! Subnetzmaske<br />binär !! Kommentar | |||
|- | |- | ||
|/0 | |/0 | ||
|4.294.967.296 | |4.294.967.296 | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |||
|0.0.0.0 | |0.0.0.0 | ||
|<code><span style="color:#bbb">00000000.00000000.00000000.00000000</span></code> | |<code><span style="color:#bbb">00000000.00000000.00000000.00000000</span></code> | ||
| Vollständiger | | Vollständiger Adressraum | ||
|- | |- | ||
|/1 | |/1 | ||
|2.147.483.648 | |2.147.483.648 | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |||
|128.0.0.0 | |128.0.0.0 | ||
|<code>1<span style="color:#bbb">0000000.00000000.00000000.00000000</span></code> | |<code>1<span style="color:#bbb">0000000.00000000.00000000.00000000</span></code> | ||
Zeile 28: | Zeile 38: | ||
|/2 | |/2 | ||
|1.073.741.824 | |1.073.741.824 | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |||
|192.0.0.0 | |192.0.0.0 | ||
|<code>11<span style="color:#bbb">000000.00000000.00000000.00000000</span></code> | |<code>11<span style="color:#bbb">000000.00000000.00000000.00000000</span></code> | ||
Zeile 35: | Zeile 46: | ||
|/3 | |/3 | ||
|536.870.912 | |536.870.912 | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |||
|224.0.0.0 | |224.0.0.0 | ||
|<code>111<span style="color:#bbb">00000.00000000.00000000.00000000</span></code> | |<code>111<span style="color:#bbb">00000.00000000.00000000.00000000</span></code> | ||
Zeile 42: | Zeile 54: | ||
|/4 | |/4 | ||
|268.435.456 | |268.435.456 | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |||
|240.0.0.0 | |240.0.0.0 | ||
|<code>1111<span style="color:#bbb">0000.00000000.00000000.00000000</span></code> | |<code>1111<span style="color:#bbb">0000.00000000.00000000.00000000</span></code> | ||
Zeile 49: | Zeile 62: | ||
|/5 | |/5 | ||
|134.217.728 | |134.217.728 | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |||
|248.0.0.0 | |248.0.0.0 | ||
|<code>11111<span style="color:#bbb">000.00000000.00000000.00000000</span></code> | |<code>11111<span style="color:#bbb">000.00000000.00000000.00000000</span></code> | ||
Zeile 56: | Zeile 70: | ||
|/6 | |/6 | ||
|67.108.864 | |67.108.864 | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |||
|252.0.0.0 | |252.0.0.0 | ||
|<code>111111<span style="color:#bbb">00.00000000.00000000.00000000</span></code> | |<code>111111<span style="color:#bbb">00.00000000.00000000.00000000</span></code> | ||
Zeile 63: | Zeile 78: | ||
|/7 | |/7 | ||
|33.554.432 | |33.554.432 | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |||
|254.0.0.0 | |254.0.0.0 | ||
|<code>1111111<span style="color:#bbb">0.00000000.00000000.00000000</span></code> | |<code>1111111<span style="color:#bbb">0.00000000.00000000.00000000</span></code> | ||
Zeile 70: | Zeile 86: | ||
|/8 | |/8 | ||
|16.777.216 | |16.777.216 | ||
| | |||
|16.777.214 | |16.777.214 | ||
|255.0.0.0 | |255.0.0.0 | ||
|<code>11111111.<span style="color:#bbb">00000000.00000000.00000000</span></code> | |<code>11111111.<span style="color:#bbb">00000000.00000000.00000000</span></code> | ||
| | |"Class A"-Größe | ||
|- | |- | ||
|/9 | |/9 | ||
|8.388.608 | |8.388.608 | ||
|128 x 65.536 | |||
|8.388.606 | |8.388.606 | ||
|255.128.0.0 | |255.128.0.0 | ||
Zeile 83: | Zeile 101: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|/10 | |/10 | ||
|4.194.304 | |4.194.304 | ||
|64 x 65.536 | |||
|4.194.302 | |4.194.302 | ||
|255.192.0.0 | |255.192.0.0 | ||
Zeile 90: | Zeile 109: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|/11 | |/11 | ||
|2.097.152 | |2.097.152 | ||
|32 x 65.536 | |||
|2.097.150 | |2.097.150 | ||
|255.224.0.0 | |255.224.0.0 | ||
Zeile 97: | Zeile 117: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|/12 | |/12 | ||
|1.048.576 | |1.048.576 | ||
|16 x 65.536 | |||
|1.048.574 | |1.048.574 | ||
|255.240.0.0 | |255.240.0.0 | ||
Zeile 104: | Zeile 125: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|/13 | |/13 | ||
|524.288 | |524.288 | ||
|8 x 65.536 | |||
|524.286 | |524.286 | ||
|255.248.0.0 | |255.248.0.0 | ||
Zeile 111: | Zeile 133: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|/14 | |/14 | ||
|262.144 | |262.144 | ||
|4 x 65.536 | |||
|262.142 | |262.142 | ||
|255.252.0.0 | |255.252.0.0 | ||
Zeile 118: | Zeile 141: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|/15 | |/15 | ||
|131.072 | |131.072 | ||
|2 x 65.536 | |||
|131.070 | |131.070 | ||
|255.254.0.0 | |255.254.0.0 | ||
Zeile 125: | Zeile 149: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|/16 | |/16 | ||
|65.536 | |65.536 | ||
|1 x 65.536 | |||
|65.534 | |65.534 | ||
|255.255.0.0 | |255.255.0.0 | ||
|<code>11111111.11111111.<span style="color:#bbb">00000000.00000000</span></code> | |<code>11111111.11111111.<span style="color:#bbb">00000000.00000000</span></code> | ||
| | |"Class B"-Größe | ||
|- | |- | ||
|/17 | |/17 | ||
|32. | |32.76 | ||
|128 x 256 | |||
|32.766 | |32.766 | ||
|255.255.128.0 | |255.255.128.0 | ||
Zeile 139: | Zeile 165: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|/18 | |/18 | ||
|16.384 | |16.384 | ||
|64 x 256 | |||
|16.382 | |16.382 | ||
|255.255.192.0 | |255.255.192.0 | ||
Zeile 146: | Zeile 173: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|/19 | |/19 | ||
|8.192 | |8.192 | ||
|32 x 256 | |||
|8.190 | |8.190 | ||
|255.255.224.0 | |255.255.224.0 | ||
Zeile 153: | Zeile 181: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|/20 | |/20 | ||
|4.096 | |4.096 | ||
|16 x 256 | |||
|4.094 | |4.094 | ||
|255.255.240.0 | |255.255.240.0 | ||
Zeile 160: | Zeile 189: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|/21 | |/21 | ||
|2.048 | |2.048 | ||
|8 x 256 | |||
|2.046 | |2.046 | ||
|255.255.248.0 | |255.255.248.0 | ||
Zeile 167: | Zeile 197: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|/22 | |/22 | ||
|1.024 | |1.024 | ||
|4 x 256 | |||
|1.022 | |1.022 | ||
|255.255.252.0 | |255.255.252.0 | ||
Zeile 174: | Zeile 205: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|/23 | |/23 | ||
|512 | |512 | ||
|2 x 256 | |||
|510 | |510 | ||
|255.255.254.0 | |255.255.254.0 | ||
Zeile 181: | Zeile 213: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|/24 | |/24 | ||
|256 | |256 | ||
|1 x 256 | |||
|254 | |254 | ||
|255.255.255.0 | |255.255.255.0 | ||
|<code>11111111.11111111.11111111.<span style="color:#bbb">00000000</span></code> | |<code>11111111.11111111.11111111.<span style="color:#bbb">00000000</span></code> | ||
| | |"Class C"-Größe | ||
|- | |- | ||
|/25 | |/25 | ||
|128 | |128 | ||
|128 x 1 | |||
|126 | |126 | ||
|255.255.255.128 | |255.255.255.128 | ||
Zeile 195: | Zeile 229: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|/26 | |/26 | ||
|64 | |64 | ||
|64 x 1 | |||
|62 | |62 | ||
|255.255.255.192 | |255.255.255.192 | ||
Zeile 202: | Zeile 237: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|/27 | |/27 | ||
|32 | |32 | ||
|32 x 1 | |||
|30 | |30 | ||
|255.255.255.224 | |255.255.255.224 | ||
Zeile 209: | Zeile 245: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|/28 | |/28 | ||
|16 | |16 | ||
|16 x 1 | |||
|14 | |14 | ||
|255.255.255.240 | |255.255.255.240 | ||
Zeile 216: | Zeile 253: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|/29 | |/29 | ||
|8 | |8 | ||
|8 x 1 | |||
|6 | |6 | ||
|255.255.255.248 | |255.255.255.248 | ||
Zeile 223: | Zeile 261: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|/30 | |/30 | ||
|4 | |4 | ||
|4 x 1 | |||
|2 | |2 | ||
|255.255.255.252 | |255.255.255.252 | ||
Zeile 230: | Zeile 269: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|/31 | |/31 | ||
|2 | |2 | ||
|2 x 1 | |||
|0 (2) | |0 (2) | ||
|255.255.255.254 | |255.255.255.254 | ||
Zeile 237: | Zeile 277: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|/32 | |/32 | ||
|1 | |1 | ||
|1 x 1 | |||
|0 (1) | |0 (1) | ||
|255.255.255.255 | |255.255.255.255 | ||
Zeile 244: | Zeile 285: | ||
|} | |} | ||
<noinclude> | |||
== Anhang == | |||
=== Siehe auch === | |||
{{Special:PrefixIndex/{{BASEPAGENAME}}/}} | |||
=== Dokumentation === | |||
; Man-Page | |||
;Info-Page | |||
=== Links === | |||
==== Projekt ==== | |||
==== Weblinks ==== | |||
[[Kategorie:IPv4/Subnetz]] | |||
</noinclude> |
Aktuelle Version vom 9. Juli 2025, 17:43 Uhr
IPv4/Adressraum
Beschreibung
- Allgemein gilt
- Anzahl der IPv4-Adressen = 232 - Länge der Netzadresse
- Erste und letzte IPv4-Adresse ist reserviert für Netzwerk- bzw. Broadcast-Adresse
- Adressbereiche der Größe /0 bis /7
- werden in der Praxis nicht als einzelnes Subnetz verwendet, sondern in mehrere Subnetze unterteilt
- /31-Netze enthalten keine nutzbaren Host-Adressen
- während /32 kein Subnetz, sondern immer einen einzelnen Host adressiert.
- Hierbei gibt es auch Ausnahmen. So wurde im RFC 3021 vorgeschlagen, dass /31-Netze genutzt werden, um Point-to-point-Verbindungen zu etablieren.
- Dies wurde unter anderem von der Firma Cisco implementiert.
- Des Weiteren ist es unter bestimmten Umständen möglich, die Netz- und Broadcastadresse für Hosts zu verwenden
Übersicht
Notation | Adressen | für Hosts | Subnetzmaske dezimal |
Subnetzmaske binär |
Kommentar | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
/0 | 4.294.967.296 | |||||
0.0.0.0 | 00000000.00000000.00000000.00000000
|
Vollständiger Adressraum | ||||
/1 | 2.147.483.648 | |||||
128.0.0.0 | 10000000.00000000.00000000.00000000
|
|||||
/2 | 1.073.741.824 | |||||
192.0.0.0 | 11000000.00000000.00000000.00000000
|
|||||
/3 | 536.870.912 | |||||
224.0.0.0 | 11100000.00000000.00000000.00000000
|
|||||
/4 | 268.435.456 | |||||
240.0.0.0 | 11110000.00000000.00000000.00000000
|
|||||
/5 | 134.217.728 | |||||
248.0.0.0 | 11111000.00000000.00000000.00000000
|
|||||
/6 | 67.108.864 | |||||
252.0.0.0 | 11111100.00000000.00000000.00000000
|
|||||
/7 | 33.554.432 | |||||
254.0.0.0 | 11111110.00000000.00000000.00000000
|
|||||
/8 | 16.777.216 | 16.777.214 | 255.0.0.0 | 11111111.00000000.00000000.00000000
|
"Class A"-Größe | |
/9 | 8.388.608 | 128 x 65.536 | 8.388.606 | 255.128.0.0 | 11111111.10000000.00000000.00000000
|
|
/10 | 4.194.304 | 64 x 65.536 | 4.194.302 | 255.192.0.0 | 11111111.11000000.00000000.00000000
|
|
/11 | 2.097.152 | 32 x 65.536 | 2.097.150 | 255.224.0.0 | 11111111.11100000.00000000.00000000
|
|
/12 | 1.048.576 | 16 x 65.536 | 1.048.574 | 255.240.0.0 | 11111111.11110000.00000000.00000000
|
|
/13 | 524.288 | 8 x 65.536 | 524.286 | 255.248.0.0 | 11111111.11111000.00000000.00000000
|
|
/14 | 262.144 | 4 x 65.536 | 262.142 | 255.252.0.0 | 11111111.11111100.00000000.00000000
|
|
/15 | 131.072 | 2 x 65.536 | 131.070 | 255.254.0.0 | 11111111.11111110.00000000.00000000
|
|
/16 | 65.536 | 1 x 65.536 | 65.534 | 255.255.0.0 | 11111111.11111111.00000000.00000000
|
"Class B"-Größe |
/17 | 32.76 | 128 x 256 | 32.766 | 255.255.128.0 | 11111111.11111111.10000000.00000000
|
|
/18 | 16.384 | 64 x 256 | 16.382 | 255.255.192.0 | 11111111.11111111.11000000.00000000
|
|
/19 | 8.192 | 32 x 256 | 8.190 | 255.255.224.0 | 11111111.11111111.11100000.00000000
|
|
/20 | 4.096 | 16 x 256 | 4.094 | 255.255.240.0 | 11111111.11111111.11110000.00000000
|
|
/21 | 2.048 | 8 x 256 | 2.046 | 255.255.248.0 | 11111111.11111111.11111000.00000000
|
|
/22 | 1.024 | 4 x 256 | 1.022 | 255.255.252.0 | 11111111.11111111.11111100.00000000
|
|
/23 | 512 | 2 x 256 | 510 | 255.255.254.0 | 11111111.11111111.11111110.00000000
|
|
/24 | 256 | 1 x 256 | 254 | 255.255.255.0 | 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000
|
"Class C"-Größe |
/25 | 128 | 128 x 1 | 126 | 255.255.255.128 | 11111111.11111111.11111111.10000000
|
|
/26 | 64 | 64 x 1 | 62 | 255.255.255.192 | 11111111.11111111.11111111.11000000
|
|
/27 | 32 | 32 x 1 | 30 | 255.255.255.224 | 11111111.11111111.11111111.11100000
|
|
/28 | 16 | 16 x 1 | 14 | 255.255.255.240 | 11111111.11111111.11111111.11110000
|
|
/29 | 8 | 8 x 1 | 6 | 255.255.255.248 | 11111111.11111111.11111111.11111000
|
|
/30 | 4 | 4 x 1 | 2 | 255.255.255.252 | 11111111.11111111.11111111.11111100
|
Verbindungsnetz zwischen zwei Routern |
/31 | 2 | 2 x 1 | 0 (2) | 255.255.255.254 | 11111111.11111111.11111111.11111110
|
Verbindungsnetz zwischen zwei Routern |
/32 | 1 | 1 x 1 | 0 (1) | 255.255.255.255 | 11111111.11111111.11111111.11111111
|
einzelner Host |
Anhang
Siehe auch
Dokumentation
- Man-Page
- Info-Page
Links
Projekt
Weblinks