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'''sysctl''' - configure kernel parameters at runtime
'''sysctl''' - Kernel-Parameter zur Laufzeit konfigurieren


= Beschreibung =
== Beschreibung ==
* sysctl is used to modify kernel parameters at runtime.
* ''sysctl'' kann sysctl-[[#Dateien|Dateien]] lesen und schreiben
* The parameters available are those listed under /proc/sys/.
* [[Procfs]] erforderlich
* Procfs is required for sysctl support in Linux. You can use sysctl to both read and write sysctl data.


= Syntax =
== Installation ==
sysctl [options] [variable[=value]] [...]
''sysctl'' ist Teil des Pakets [[procps]]
sysctl -p [file or regexp] [...]


'''variable'''
== Aufruf ==
* is the name of a key to read from.  
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash" highlight="1-2">
* An example is kernel.ostype. The '/' separator is also accepted in place of a '.'.
sysctl [options] [variable[=value]] [...]
</syntaxhighlight>


'''variable=value'''
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash" highlight="1-2">
* is used to set a key, in the form variable=value where variable is the key and value is the value to set it to.
sysctl -p [file or regexp] [...]
* If the value contains quotes or characters which are parsed by the shell, you may need to enclose the value in double quotes. This requires the -w parameter to use.
</syntaxhighlight>


= Parateter =
=== Optionen ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable options gnu"
|-
|-
| -n, --values || Use this option to disable printing of the key name when printing values.
! Unix !! GNU !! Parameter !! Beschreibung
|-
|-
| -e, --ignore || Use this option to ignore errors about unknown keys.
| -n || --values || || Do not display the key name when printing values
|-
|-
| -N, --names || Use this option to only print the names. It may be useful with shells that have programmable completion.
| -e || --ignore || || Ignore errors about unknown keys
|-
|-
| -q, --quiet || Use this option to not display the values set to stdout.
| -N || --names || || Only display names (maybe useful for programmable completion)
|-
|-
| -w, --write || Use this option when you want to change a sysctl setting.
| -q || --quiet || || Do not display the values set to stdout
|-
|-
| -p[FILE], --load[=FILE] || Load in sysctl settings from the file specified or /etc/sysctl.conf if none given. Specifying - as filename means reading data from standard input. Using this option will mean arguments to sysctl are files, which are read in the order they are specified. The file argument may be specified as regular expression.
| -w || --write || || Change sysctl settings
|-
|-
| -a, --all || Display all values currently available.
| -p || --load || [=FILE] || Load in sysctl settings from the file specified or
* /etc/sysctl.conf if none given
* Specifying - as filename means reading data from standard input
* Using this option will mean arguments to sysctl are files, which are read in the order they are specified
* The file argument may be specified as regular expression
|-
|-
| --deprecated || Include deprecated parameters to --all values listing.
| -a || --all || || Display all values currently available
|-
|-
| -b, --binary || Print value without new line.
| || --deprecated || || Include deprecated parameters to --all values listing
|-
|-
| --system || Load settings from all system configuration files. /run/sysctl.d/*.conf /etc/sysctl.d/*.conf /usr/local/lib/sysctl.d/*.conf /usr/lib/sysctl.d/*.conf /lib/sysctl.d/*.conf /etc/sysctl.conf
| -b || --binary || || Print value without new line
|-
|-
| -r, --pattern pattern || Only apply settings that match pattern. The pattern uses extended regular expression syntax.
| || --system || || Load settings from all system configuration files
* /run/sysctl.d/*.conf
* /etc/sysctl.d/*.conf
* /usr/local/lib/sysctl.d/*.conf
* /usr/lib/sysctl.d/*.conf
* /lib/sysctl.d/*.conf
* /etc/sysctl.conf
|-
|-
| -A  || Alias of -a
| -r || --pattern pattern || || Only apply settings that match pattern. The pattern uses extended regular expression syntax
|-
|-
| -d  || Alias of -h
| -A || || || Alias of -a
|-
|-
| -f  || Alias of -p
| -d || || || Alias of -h
|-
|-
| -X  || Alias of -a
| -f || || || Alias of -p
|-
|-
| -o  || Does nothing, exists for BSD compatibility.
| -X || || || Alias of -a
|-
|-
| -x  || Does nothing, exists for BSD compatibility.
| -o || || || Does nothing, exists for BSD compatibility
|-
|-
| -h, --help || Display help text and exit.
| -x || || || Does nothing, exists for BSD compatibility
|-
|-
| -V, --version || Display version information and exit.
| -h || --help || || Display help text and exit
|-
| -V || --version || || Display version information and exit
|}
|}


= Beispiele =
=== Umgebungsvariablen ===
/sbin/sysctl -a
=== Exit-Status ===
/sbin/sysctl -n kernel.hostname
 
/sbin/sysctl -w kernel.domainname="example.com"
== Anwendung ==
/sbin/sysctl -p/etc/sysctl.conf
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash" highlight="1-8" line copy>
/sbin/sysctl -a --pattern forward
/sbin/sysctl -a
/sbin/sysctl -a --pattern forward$
</syntaxhighlight>
/sbin/sysctl -a --pattern 'net.ipv4.conf.(eth|wlan)0.arp'
 
/sbin/sysctl --system --pattern '^net.ipv6'
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash" highlight="1-8" line copy>
/sbin/sysctl -n kernel.hostname
</syntaxhighlight>
 
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash" highlight="1-8" line copy>
/sbin/sysctl -w kernel.domainname="example.com"
</syntaxhighlight>
 
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash" highlight="1-8" line copy>
/sbin/sysctl -p/etc/sysctl.conf
</syntaxhighlight>
 
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash" highlight="1-8" line copy>
/sbin/sysctl -a --pattern forward
</syntaxhighlight>
 
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash" highlight="1-8" line copy>
/sbin/sysctl -a --pattern forward$
</syntaxhighlight>
 
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash" highlight="1-8" line copy>
/sbin/sysctl -a --pattern 'net.ipv4.conf.(eth|wlan)0.arp'
</syntaxhighlight>


= Veraltete Parameter =
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash" highlight="1-8" line copy>
* The base_reachable_time and retrans_time are deprecated.
/sbin/sysctl --system --pattern '^net.ipv6'
* The sysctl command does not allow changing values of these parameters.
</syntaxhighlight>
* Users who insist to use deprecated kernel interfaces should push values to /proc file system by other means. For example:


echo 256 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/neigh/eth0/base_reachable_time
; -p --load [=FILE]
Load in sysctl settings from the file specified or /etc/sysctl.conf if none given
* Specifying - as filename means reading data from standard input
* Using this option will mean arguments to sysctl are files, which are read in the order they are specified
* The file argument may be specified as regular expression


= Dateien =
; --system
  /proc/sys
Load settings from all system configuration files
  /run/sysctl.d/*.conf
/etc/sysctl.d/*.conf
/usr/local/lib/sysctl.d/*.conf
/usr/lib/sysctl.d/*.conf
/lib/sysctl.d/*.conf
  /etc/sysctl.conf
  /etc/sysctl.conf


= Links =
== Konfiguration ==
== Intern ==
=== Dateien ===
== Weblinks ==
{| class="wikitable options"
|-
! Datei !! Beschreibung
|-
| [[/proc/sys]] ||
|-
| [[/etc/sysctl.conf]] ||
|}
 
{| class="wikitable options"
|-
! Datei !! Beschreibung
|-
| /run/sysctl.d/*.conf ||
|-
| /etc/sysctl.d/*.conf ||
|-
| /usr/local/lib/sysctl.d/*.conf ||
|-
| /usr/lib/sysctl.d/*.conf ||
|-
| /lib/sysctl.d/*.conf ||
|-
| /etc/sysctl.conf ||
|}
 
<noinclude>
 
== Anhang ==
=== Siehe auch ===
{{Special:PrefixIndex/{{BASEPAGENAME}}/}}
* [[linux-sysctl-defaults]]
 
=== Dokumentation ===
 
; Man-Page
* [[sysctl.conf]](5)
* [[regex]](7)
 
=== Links ===
==== Projekt ====
# https://github.com/klaver/sysctl
# https://github.com/klaver/sysctl


= Man-Page =
==== Weblinks ====
sysctl.conf(5) regex(7)
 
{{DEFAULTSORT:sysctl}}
{{DISPLAYTITLE:sysctl}}


[[Kategorie:Linux/Befehl]]
[[Kategorie:Linux/Befehl]]
[[Kategorie:Linux/Kernel]]
[[Kategorie:Sysctl]]
[[Kategorie:Linux/Sicherheit]]
[[Kategorie:Linux/Prozess/Befehl]]
[[Kategorie:Procps]]
[[Kategorie:Linux/Prozesse]]


{{DEFAULTSORT:sysctl}}
</noinclude>
{{DISPLAYTITLE:sysctl}}

Aktuelle Version vom 1. August 2025, 16:27 Uhr

sysctl - Kernel-Parameter zur Laufzeit konfigurieren

Beschreibung

  • sysctl kann sysctl-Dateien lesen und schreiben
  • Procfs erforderlich

Installation

sysctl ist Teil des Pakets procps

Aufruf

sysctl [options] [variable[=value]] [...]

sysctl -p [file or regexp] [...]

Optionen

Unix GNU Parameter Beschreibung
-n --values Do not display the key name when printing values
-e --ignore Ignore errors about unknown keys
-N --names Only display names (maybe useful for programmable completion)
-q --quiet Do not display the values set to stdout
-w --write Change sysctl settings
-p --load [=FILE] Load in sysctl settings from the file specified or
  • /etc/sysctl.conf if none given
  • Specifying - as filename means reading data from standard input
  • Using this option will mean arguments to sysctl are files, which are read in the order they are specified
  • The file argument may be specified as regular expression
-a --all Display all values currently available
--deprecated Include deprecated parameters to --all values listing
-b --binary Print value without new line
--system Load settings from all system configuration files
  • /run/sysctl.d/*.conf
  • /etc/sysctl.d/*.conf
  • /usr/local/lib/sysctl.d/*.conf
  • /usr/lib/sysctl.d/*.conf
  • /lib/sysctl.d/*.conf
  • /etc/sysctl.conf
-r --pattern pattern Only apply settings that match pattern. The pattern uses extended regular expression syntax
-A Alias of -a
-d Alias of -h
-f Alias of -p
-X Alias of -a
-o Does nothing, exists for BSD compatibility
-x Does nothing, exists for BSD compatibility
-h --help Display help text and exit
-V --version Display version information and exit

Umgebungsvariablen

Exit-Status

Anwendung

/sbin/sysctl -a

/sbin/sysctl -n kernel.hostname

/sbin/sysctl -w kernel.domainname="example.com"

/sbin/sysctl -p/etc/sysctl.conf

/sbin/sysctl -a --pattern forward

/sbin/sysctl -a --pattern forward$

/sbin/sysctl -a --pattern 'net.ipv4.conf.(eth|wlan)0.arp'

/sbin/sysctl --system --pattern '^net.ipv6'
-p --load [=FILE]

Load in sysctl settings from the file specified or /etc/sysctl.conf if none given

  • Specifying - as filename means reading data from standard input
  • Using this option will mean arguments to sysctl are files, which are read in the order they are specified
  • The file argument may be specified as regular expression
--system

Load settings from all system configuration files 

/run/sysctl.d/*.conf
/etc/sysctl.d/*.conf
/usr/local/lib/sysctl.d/*.conf
/usr/lib/sysctl.d/*.conf
/lib/sysctl.d/*.conf
/etc/sysctl.conf

Konfiguration

Dateien

Datei Beschreibung
/proc/sys
/etc/sysctl.conf
Datei Beschreibung
/run/sysctl.d/*.conf
/etc/sysctl.d/*.conf
/usr/local/lib/sysctl.d/*.conf
/usr/lib/sysctl.d/*.conf
/lib/sysctl.d/*.conf
/etc/sysctl.conf


Anhang

Siehe auch

Dokumentation

Man-Page

Links

Projekt

  1. https://github.com/klaver/sysctl

Weblinks


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