Lshw: Unterschied zwischen den Versionen

Aktuelle Version vom 11. Mai 2025, 13:42 Uhr

lshw - Hardware auflisten

Beschreibung

lshw is a small tool to extract detailed information on the hardware configuration of the machine

It can report exact memory configuration, firmware version, mainboard configuration, CPU version and speed, cache configuration, bus speed, etc
on DMI-capable x86 or IA-64 systems and on some PowerPC machines

(PowerMac G4 is known to work)

It currently supports DMI (x86 and IA-64 only), OpenFirmware device tree (PowerPC only), PCI/AGP, CPUID (x86), IDE/ATA/ATAPI, PCMCIA (only tested on x86), SCSI and USB

Hardwarekonfiguration anzeigen

Speicherkonfiguration
Firmware-Version
Mainboardkonfiguration
CPU-Version und -Taktung
Cachekonfiguration
Busgeschwindigkeit
[...]

Export

Text
HTML
XML

Anmekung

lshw must be run as super user or it will only report partial information

Installation

sudo apt install lshw

Dateien

/usr/bin/lshw
/usr/share/doc/lshw/changelog.Debian.gz
/usr/share/doc/lshw/changelog.gz
/usr/share/doc/lshw/copyright
/usr/share/locale/fr/LC_MESSAGES/lshw.mo
/usr/share/man/man1/lshw.1.gz

Aufruf

lshw [ -version ]
lshw [ -help ]
lshw [ -X ]
lshw [ [ -html ] [ -short ] [ -xml ] [ -json ] [ -businfo ] ] [ -dump filename ] [ -class class... ] [ -disable test... ] [ -enable test... ] [-sanitize ] [ -numeric ] [ -quiet ] [ -notime ]

Optionen

Unix	Beschreibung
-version	Displays the version of lshw and exits
-help	Displays the available command line options and quits
-X	Launch the X11 GUI (if available)
-html	Outputs the device tree as an HTML page
-xml	Outputs the device tree as an XML tree
-json	Outputs the device tree as a JSON object (JavaScript Object Notation)
-short	Outputs the device tree showing hardware paths, very much like the output of HP-UX's ioscan
-businfo	Outputs the device list showing bus information, detailing SCSI, USB, IDE and PCI addresses
-dump filename	Display output and dump collected information into a file (SQLite database)
-class class	Only show the given class of hardware class can be found using lshw
-short or lshw -businfo
-C class	Alias for -class class
-enable test	-disable test Enables or disables a test test can be dmi (for DMI/SMBIOS extensions), device-tree (for OpenFirmware device tree), spd (for memory Serial Presence Detect), memory (for memory-size guessing heuristics), cpuinfo (for kernel-reported CPU detection), cpuid (for CPU detection), pci (for PCI/AGP access), isapnp (for ISA PnP extensions), pcmcia (for PCMCIA/PC‐CARD), ide (for IDE/ATAPI), usb (for USB devices),scsi (for SCSI) or network (for network interfaces detection)
-quiet	Don't display status
-sanitize	Remove potentially sensitive information from output (IP addresses, serial numbers, und weitere)
-numeric	Also display numeric IDs (for PCI and USB devices)
-notime	Exclude volatile attributes (timestamps) from output

Parameter

Umgebungsvariablen

Exit-Status

Anwendung

Lists hardware in a compact format

sudo lshw -short

Lists all disks and storage controllers in the system

sudo lshw -class disk -class storage

Lists all network interfaces in HTML

sudo lshw -html -class network

Don't use DMI to detect hardware

sudo lshw -disable dmi

Problembehebung

lshw currently does not detect Firewire(IEEE1394) devices
Not all architectures supported by GNU/Linux are fully supported (e.g
CPU detection)
"Virtual" SCSI interfaces used for SCSI emulation over IDE are not reported correctly yet

Konfiguration

Dateien

Datei	Beschreibung

Datei	Beschreibung
/usr/local/share/pci.ids
/usr/share/pci.ids
/etc/pci.ids
/usr/share/hwdata/pci.ids	All known PCI ID's (vendors, devices, classes and subclasses) If compiled with zlib support, lshw will look for pci.ids.gz first, then for pci.ids
/proc/bus/pci/*	Used to access the configuration of installed PCI buses and devices
/proc/ide/*	Used to access the configuration of installed IDE buses and devices
/proc/scsi/, /dev/sg	Used to access the configuration of installed SCSI devices
/dev/cpu/*/cpuid	Used on x86 platforms to access CPU-specific configuration
/proc/device-tree/*	Used on PowerPC platforms to access OpenFirmware configuration
/proc/bus/usb/*	Used to access the configuration of installed USB buses and devices
/sys/*	Used on 2.6 kernels to access hardware/driver configuration information

Anhang

Siehe auch

/proc/*
linuxinfo(1)
lspci(8)
lsusb(8)

Dokumentation

Man-Page

Info-Pages

Links

Projekt

https://lshw.ezix.org/

Weblinks

@@ Zeile 1: / Zeile 1: @@
-'''lshw'''
+'''lshw''' - Hardware auflisten
 == Beschreibung ==
-Informationen über die Hardwarekonfiguration
+lshw is a small tool to extract detailed information on the hardware configuration of the machine
+* It can report exact memory configuration, firmware version, mainboard configuration, CPU version and speed, cache configuration, bus speed, etc
-Ein kleines Werkzeug, das detaillierte Informationen über die Hardwarekonfiguration des Rechners liefert. Es kann die exakte Speicherkonfiguration, Firmware-Version, Mainboardkonfiguration, CPU-Version und -Taktung, Cachekonfiguration, Busgeschwindigkeit, usw. auf DMI-fähigen x86-Systemen, einigen PowerPC (PowerMac G4 als lauffähig getestet) und AMD64 anzeigen.
+* on DMI-capable x86 or IA-64 systems and on some PowerPC machines
+(PowerMac G4 is known to work)
-Die Informationen können als Text-, HTML- oder XML-Dokument ausgegeben werden.
+It currently supports DMI (x86 and IA-64 only), OpenFirmware device tree (PowerPC only), PCI/AGP, CPUID (x86), IDE/ATA/ATAPI, PCMCIA (only tested on x86), SCSI and USB
+; Hardwarekonfiguration anzeigen
+* Speicherkonfiguration
+* Firmware-Version
+* Mainboardkonfiguration
+* CPU-Version und -Taktung
+* Cachekonfiguration
+* Busgeschwindigkeit
+* [...]
+; Export
+* Text
+* HTML
+* XML
+; Anmekung
+<blockquote>
+lshw must be run as super user or it will only report partial information
+</blockquote>
 == Installation ==
-<syntaxhighlight lang="bash" highlight="1" line>
+<syntaxhighlight lang="bash" highlight="1" line copy>
+sudo apt install lshw
+</syntaxhighlight>
+=== Dateien ===
+<syntaxhighlight lang="bash" highlight="1" line copy>
+/usr/bin/lshw
+/usr/share/doc/lshw/changelog.Debian.gz
+/usr/share/doc/lshw/changelog.gz
+/usr/share/doc/lshw/copyright
+/usr/share/locale/fr/LC_MESSAGES/lshw.mo
+/usr/share/man/man1/lshw.1.gz
 </syntaxhighlight>
 == Aufruf ==
-<syntaxhighlight lang="bash" highlight="1" line>
+<syntaxhighlight lang="bash" highlight="1" line copy>
+lshw [ -version ]
+lshw [ -help ]
+lshw [ -X ]
+lshw [ [ -html ] [ -short ] [ -xml ] [ -json ] [ -businfo ] ] [ -dump filename ] [ -class class... ] [ -disable test... ] [ -enable test... ] [-sanitize ] [ -numeric ] [ -quiet ] [ -notime ]
 </syntaxhighlight>
@@ Zeile 19: / Zeile 53: @@
 {| class="wikitable sortable options gnu"
 |-
-! Unix !! GNU !! Parameter !! Beschreibung
+! Unix !! Beschreibung
 |-
-| || || ||
+| -version || Displays the version of lshw and exits
 |-
+| -help || Displays the available command line options and quits
+|-
+| -X || Launch the X11 GUI (if available)
+|-
+| -html || Outputs the device tree as an HTML page
+|-
+| -xml || Outputs the device tree as an XML tree
+|-
+| -json || Outputs the device tree as a JSON object (JavaScript Object Notation)
+|-
+| -short || Outputs the device tree showing hardware paths, very much like the output of HP-UX's ioscan
+|-
+| -businfo || Outputs the device list showing bus information, detailing SCSI, USB, IDE and PCI addresses
+|-
+| -dump filename || Display output and dump collected information into a file (SQLite database)
+|-
+| -class class || Only show the given class of hardware
+* class can be found using lshw
+|-
+| -short or lshw -businfo
+|-
+| -C class || Alias for -class class
+|-
+| -enable test || -disable test
+Enables or disables a test
+* test can be dmi (for DMI/SMBIOS extensions), device-tree (for OpenFirmware device tree), spd (for memory Serial Presence Detect), memory (for memory-size guessing heuristics), cpuinfo (for kernel-reported CPU detection), cpuid (for CPU detection), pci (for PCI/AGP access), isapnp (for ISA PnP extensions), pcmcia (for PCMCIA/PC‐CARD), ide (for IDE/ATAPI), usb (for USB devices),scsi (for SCSI) or network (for network interfaces detection)
+|-
+| -quiet || Don't display status
+|-
+| -sanitize || Remove potentially sensitive information from output (IP addresses, serial numbers, und weitere)
+|-
+| -numeric || Also display numeric IDs (for PCI and USB devices)
+|-
+| -notime || Exclude volatile attributes (timestamps) from output
 |}
@@ Zeile 32: / Zeile 100: @@
 == Anwendung ==
-<syntaxhighlight lang="bash" highlight="1" line>
+; Lists hardware in a compact format
+<syntaxhighlight lang="bash" highlight="1" line copy>
+sudo lshw -short
+</syntaxhighlight>
+; Lists all disks and storage controllers in the system
+<syntaxhighlight lang="bash" highlight="1" line copy>
+sudo lshw -class disk -class storage
+</syntaxhighlight>
+; Lists all network interfaces in HTML
+<syntaxhighlight lang="bash" highlight="1" line copy>
+sudo lshw -html -class network
+</syntaxhighlight>
+; Don't use DMI to detect hardware
+<syntaxhighlight lang="bash" highlight="1" line copy>
+sudo lshw -disable dmi
 </syntaxhighlight>
 === Problembehebung ===
+* lshw currently does not detect Firewire(IEEE1394) devices
+* Not all architectures supported by GNU/Linux are fully supported (e.g
+* CPU detection)
+* "Virtual" SCSI interfaces used for SCSI emulation over IDE are not reported correctly yet
 == Konfiguration ==
@@ Zeile 44: / Zeile 133: @@
 ! Datei !! Beschreibung
 |-
 | ||
 |-
 | ||
 |}
 <noinclude>
+{| class="wikitable options"
+! Datei !! Beschreibung
+|-
+| /usr/local/share/pci.ids ||
+|-
+| /usr/share/pci.ids ||
+|-
+| /etc/pci.ids ||
+|-
+| /usr/share/hwdata/pci.ids || All known PCI ID's (vendors, devices, classes and subclasses)
+* If compiled with zlib support, lshw will look for pci.ids.gz first, then for pci.ids
+|-
+| /proc/bus/pci/* || Used to access the configuration of installed PCI buses and devices
+|-
+| /proc/ide/* || Used to access the configuration of installed IDE buses and devices
+|-
+| /proc/scsi/*, /dev/sg* || Used to access the configuration of installed SCSI devices
+|-
+| /dev/cpu/*/cpuid || Used on x86 platforms to access CPU-specific configuration
+|-
+| /proc/device-tree/* || Used on PowerPC platforms to access OpenFirmware configuration
+|-
+| /proc/bus/usb/* || Used to access the configuration of installed USB buses and devices
+|-
+| /sys/* || Used on 2.6 kernels to access hardware/driver configuration information
+|}
 == Anhang ==
 === Siehe auch ===
+* /proc/*
+* linuxinfo(1)
+* lspci(8)
+* lsusb(8)
 {{Special:PrefixIndex/{{BASEPAGENAME}}/}}
-==== Dokumentation ====
+=== Dokumentation ===
 ; Man-Page
 ; Info-Pages
-==== Links ====
+=== Links ===
-===== Projekt =====
+==== Projekt ====
+# https://lshw.ezix.org/
-===== Weblinks =====
+==== Weblinks ====
 {{DISPLAYTITLE:lshw}}