Smartctl

Kommandozeilentool zur Steuerung der SMART-Funktionen (Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology) von Datenträgern.

smartctl

• Ist Bestandteil der Smartmontools.

• Für zahlreiche Betriebssysteme verfügbar:
  • Linux, FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD, Solaris, Windows
  • Hier geht es um Linux.

Funktion

• Überwachung der Zuverlässigkeit von Datenträgern.
• Durchführung von Laufwerkstests.
• Es kann immer nur ein Test zur selben Zeit ausgeführt werden.
  • Sonst

smartctl -t short /dev/sdd 
smartctl 6.6 2017-11-05 r4594 [x86_64-linux-4.19.0-10-amd64] (local build) 
Copyright (C) 2002-17, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org 

=== START OF OFFLINE IMMEDIATE AND SELF-TEST SECTION === 
Can't start self-test without aborting current test (90% remaining),
add '-t force' option to override, or run 'smartctl -X' to abort test.

Installation

#apt install smartmontools

Syntax

smartctl [options] device

• Pfad zum Befehl
  • /usr/sbin/smartctl

Optionen

Option	Erklärung
-i	Ist S.M.A.R.T. verfügbar?
-h	Übersicht (aller) Optionen.
-s on	S.M.A.R.T. wird aktiviert.
-a	Zusammenfassende Ausgabe aller Festplatteninformationen und Testergebnisse.
-A	Werte aller Attribute.
-H	Abfrage Gesundheitszustand.
-c	Anzeige Testmöglichkeiten / dafür benötigte Zeit / Anzeige momentaner Testfortschritt.
-S on	Autom. Speichern d. Einstellungen.
-t long	Startet langen selftest (Oberflächenanalyse).
-t short	Startet kurzen selftest. Dauert mind. 1 Minute. Endzeit angegeben.
-t offline	Startet sofort Offline Tests (Anzeige mit -l error oder -a)
-l selftest	kleines L - Zeigt Log aller durchgeführten Selbsttests
-X	Test abbrechen
-l error	kleines L - Ausgabe Fehlermeldungen

• Für mehr Information siehe manpage smartctl.

Anwendung

Kurztest durchführen

# smartctl -t short /dev/sdb
smartctl 6.6 2017-11-05 r4594 [x86_64-linux-4.19.0-9-amd64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-17, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org

=== START OF OFFLINE IMMEDIATE AND SELF-TEST SECTION ===
Sending command: "Execute SMART Short self-test routine immediately in off-line mode".
Drive command "Execute SMART Short self-test routine immediately in off-line mode" successful.
Testing has begun.
Please wait 1 minutes for test to complete.
Test will complete after Tue Jul 28 11:58:53 2020

Use smartctl -X to abort test.

Ergebnisanzeige vom letzten Kurztest

# smartctl -l selftest /dev/sdb
smartctl 6.6 2017-11-05 r4594 [x86_64-linux-4.19.0-9-amd64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-17, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org

=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num  Test_Description    Status                  Remaining  LifeTime(hours)  LBA_of_first_error
# 1  Short offline       Completed without error       00%     11116         -
# 2  Short offline       Completed without error       00%     11115         -
# 3  Extended offline    Completed without error       00%     11027         -
# 4  Short offline       Completed without error       00%     11022         -
# 5  Extended offline    Completed without error       00%      9272         -
# 6  Short offline       Completed without error       00%      4272         -
# 7  Short offline       Completed without error       00%       238         -

Starten eines langen selftests (Oberflächenanalyse)

# smartctl -t long /dev/sda
smartctl 6.6 2017-11-05 r4594 [x86_64-linux-4.19.0-9-amd64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-17, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org

=== START OF OFFLINE IMMEDIATE AND SELF-TEST SECTION ===
Sending command: "Execute SMART Extended self-test routine immediately in off-line mode".
Drive command "Execute SMART Extended self-test routine immediately in off-line mode" successful.
Testing has begun.
Please wait 158 minutes for test to complete.
Test will complete after Tue Jul 28 14:29:30 2020

Use smartctl -X to abort test.

Anzeige der Testmöglichkeiten, benötigte Zeit und momentaner Testfortschritt

# smartctl -c /dev/sda
smartctl 6.6 2017-11-05 r4594 [x86_64-linux-4.19.0-9-amd64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-17, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org

=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status:  (0x80) Offline data collection activity
                                        was never started.
                                        Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status:      ( 246) Self-test routine in progress...
                                        60% of test remaining.
Total time to complete Offline 
data collection:                ( 9480) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities:                    (0x5b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
                                        Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
                                        Suspend Offline collection upon new
                                        command.
                                        Offline surface scan supported.
                                        Self-test supported.
                                        No Conveyance Self-test supported.
                                        Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities:            (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
                                        power-saving mode.
                                        Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability:        (0x01) Error logging supported.
                                        General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine 
recommended polling time:        (   2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time:        (158) minutes.
SCT capabilities:              (0x003f) SCT Status supported.
                                        SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
                                        SCT Feature Control supported.
                                        SCT Data Table supported.

• Self-test routine in progress...: Momentan wird ein selftest durchgeführt.
• 60% of test remaining.: 40% des Tests bereits erledigt, 60% stehen noch aus.
• No Conveyance Self-test supported.: Bei diesem Datenträger (sda) kann kein Conveyance Self-test durchgeführt werden.
• Short self-test routine recommended polling time: (2) minutes.: Short self-test würde 2min dauern.
• Extended self-test routine recommended polling time: (158) minutes.: Long self-test würde 158min dauern.

Quellen

1. https://www.smartmontools.org/
2. https://www.thomas-krenn.com/de/wiki/Smartctl
3. https://www.thomas-krenn.com/de/wiki/SMART_Tests_mit_smartctl
4. https://linux.die.net/man/8/smartctl
5. https://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/Festplattenstatus/#smartctl