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| '''DNS/SPF''' - SPF + DK + DKIM with Postfix | | <noinclude> |
| | <!-- |
| | ---- |
| | {{Navigation|<zurück>|<nachste>}} |
| | {{Navigation|BSI/200-3|BSI/200-3/Einleitung/Beispiele}} |
| | ---- |
| | --> |
| | '''{{BASEPAGENAME}}''' - SPF, DK und DKIM mit Postfix |
| | </noinclude> |
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| === Beschreibung === | | == Beschreibung == |
| Hier wird Schritt für Schritt detailliert beschrieben, wie man SPF, DK und DKIM mit Postfix in Plesk 11.5 unter Debian Wheezy einrichtet und wie man testet, ob alles korrekt funktioniert
| | <ul class="list-group"> |
| | <li class="list-group-item">[[Postfix/Installation|Postfix]]</li> |
| | <li class="list-group-item list-group-item-primary">[[Sender Policy Framework]]</li> |
| | <li class="list-group-item list-group-item-secondary">[[DomainKeys]]</li> |
| | <li class="list-group-item list-group-item-success">[[DKIM]]</li> |
| | <li class="list-group-item list-group-item-danger">[[DNS/SPF/Test|Test]]</li> |
| | </ul> |
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| Ich habe einen dedizierten Server bei [http://hetzner.de/ Hetzner] gemietet und mich für die Plesk-Option zur Verwaltung entschieden, damit ich mich nicht um die Administration kümmern muss. Allerdings hatte ich nicht so viel Glück: Ich bin bei der Nutzung von Plesk auf zahlreiche Probleme gestoßen, sodass ich die Fehler selbst beheben musste.
| | <noinclude> |
| | <!-- |
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| | {{Navigation|<zurück>|<nachste>}} |
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| Schauen wir uns also an, wie wir SPF + DK + DKIM mit Postfix in Plesk 11.5 unter Debian Wheezy integrieren können.
| | == Anhang == |
| | === Siehe auch === |
| | <div style="column-count:2"> |
| | <categorytree hideroot=on mode="pages">{{BASEPAGENAME}}</categorytree> |
| | </div> |
| | ---- |
| | {{Special:PrefixIndex/{{BASEPAGENAME}}/}} |
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| Das Wichtigste zuerst: Wenn Sie QMail verwenden, wechseln Sie zu Postfix. Um Postfix zu installieren, können Sie entweder die grafische Benutzeroberfläche nutzen oder die Installation über die Konsole vornehmen.
| | === Dokumentation === |
| | <!-- |
| | ; Man-Page |
| | # [https://manpages.debian.org/stable/procps/pgrep.1.de.html prep(1)] |
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| So geht es über die Konsole.
| | ; Info-Pages |
| /usr/local/psa/admin/sbin/autoinstaller --select-release-current --install-component postfix
| | --> |
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| === SPF === | | === Links === |
| Öffnen wir die DNS-Vorlage. Dort sehen Sie, dass ein Eintrag für SPF vorhanden ist
| | ==== Projekt ==== |
| | ==== Weblinks ==== |
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| v=spf1 +a +mx -all
| | <!-- |
| | {{DEFAULTSORT:new}} |
| | {{DISPLAYTITLE:new}} |
| | --> |
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| Das bedeutet, dass SPF für unsere Domain aktiviert ist.
| | [[Kategorie:DNS]] |
| | [[Kategorie:Spam]] |
| | [[Kategorie:E-Mail]] |
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| Lassen Sie uns den Eintrag ein wenig optimieren. Wenn Sie mehrere Domains auf Ihrem Server hosten, sollten Sie ihn wahrscheinlich ebenfalls anpassen.
| | </noinclude> |
| | |
| v=spf1 +a +mx +ip4:<ip.mail> ?all* <tt><ip.mail></tt> - Is the IP of the mail server that is responsible for sending the mails, it is automatically filled in when you apply the zones
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| After you do this modification you should apply it
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| So now my configuration looks like this:
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| [[Image:Bild20.png|alt="SPF DNS Template"]]
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| Now let’s check with dig if the SPF is OK.
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| dig myserverplace.de TXT @ns1.myserverplace.de
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| You will see in the Answer section I have the following entry
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| myserverplace.de. 600 IN TXT "v=spf1 +a +mx +ip4:144.76.163.46 ?all"
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| So everything is ok, next onto DomainKeys
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| === [[DomainKeys]] ===
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| === [[DKIM]] ===
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| === Postfix ===
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| Now let’s see what we need to do to configure Postfix to use OpenDKIM.
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| Execute the following command to see the milters configured
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| cat /etc/postfix/main.cf | grep "milters"
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| smtpd_milters = , inet:127.0.0.1:12768
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| non_smtpd_milters = , inet:127.0.0.1:12768
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| You can see that we have additional milters we need to put, this one is from the process '''psa-pc-remote''', and it’s part of Plesk
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| Open '''/etc/postfix/main.cf''' with your favorite editor, and add the following to the end of the file
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| # OpenDKIM
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| milter_default_action = accept
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| milter_protocol = 6
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| smtpd_milters = , inet:127.0.0.1:8891, inet:127.0.0.1:12768
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| non_smtpd_milters = $smtpd_milters
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| As you can see we added the OpenDKIM milter too, and '''milter_protocol''' is set to '''6''', this is important, if it’s not set to '''6''', the '''psa-pc-remote''' process will segfault like so,
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| psa-pc-remote[18523]: segfault at 0 ip 00007fa5be18c034 sp 00007fa5bccffd30 error 4 in libc-2.13.so[7fa5be123000+180000]
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| And your messages won’t be signed with '''DomainKey''', only with '''DKIM'''
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| service postfix restart
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| === Testing ===
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| There is an easy way to test if everything is correct, create an email account if you haven’t already and send a test mail to the following recepients, and the results are cut down because the text is too big* check-auth@verifier.port25.com
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| ==========================================================
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| Summary of Results
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| ==========================================================
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| SPF check: pass
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| DomainKeys check: pass
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| DKIM check: pass
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| Sender-ID check: pass
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| SpamAssassin check: ham* AAAA3QcKCQwA@appmaildev.com
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| ============================================================
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| SPF result: Pass
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| ============================================================
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| Domain: myserverplace.de
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| IP: 144.76.163.46
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| SPF Record: myserverplace.de
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| IN TXT = "v=spf1 +a +mx 144.76.163.46 ?all"
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| ============================================================
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| DomainKey result: pass
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| ============================================================
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| Signed by: admin@myserverplace.de
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| PublicKey: default._domainkey.myserverplace.de
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| IN TXT = "p=MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQDAruBNqdsSCKBLwMrFNNKH8z0e7zmlAic7iRoJsDDJK3IlnW8j6G/T6a93m+jqYc6R38MBAZbeSv2LQJ0SepJEsr4Iqk41WFXPBKnyXReO1RXPW5/YnRe6dpJMEqsmPpl2TjInY7ve/6VCiVDOHn9RRrdB+x7CGeK2crgqSZVlFwIDAQAB;"
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| ============================================================
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| DKIM result: pass
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| ============================================================
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| Signed by: admin@myserverplace.de
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| Expected Body Hash: frcCV1k9oG9oKj3dpUqdJg1PxRT2RSN/XKdLCPjaYaY=
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| PublicKey: mail._domainkey.myserverplace.de
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| IN TXT = "v=DKIM1; k=rsa; p=MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQDMziMcgPTWK0kSUKxrgHHzEiWxNkZ2/M0Ugyr/8H9WtoCsJUM+Bc1C9VwqJ6yjTidecDrX7aL0lFZ9Mylku/wtSiPw6KLxMg2LG2vrMzlPTB2lmJNmg/EOu3KPC8BtAuOhXfwVH/ttQbzdKJKWqiCJn7jhF5oqEKnOCORxOQXKIwIDAQAB;"
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| === Logs ===
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| You can check the following locations to see if there are errors
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| * /var/log/mail.err
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| * /var/log/mail.warn
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| * /var/log/mail.info
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| * /var/log/syslog
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| === Note ===
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| Make sure you enable testing mode for DKIM if you plan to test, you can also cut down the EXPIRY time so the results propagate faster, so to enable testing mode set the key <tt>'''_domainkey'''</tt> to <tt>'''t=y; o=-'''</tt>
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| === References ===
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| * https://matoski.com/article/spf-dk-dkim-plesk-debian/
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| * [http://kb.parallels.com/en/5801 How to define what MTA is used in Parallels Plesk Panel and how to switch from Qmail to Postfix and back?]
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