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| Zeile 49: |
Zeile 49: |
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| = TMP = | | = TMP = |
| == Anwendungen ==
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| === DHCP ===
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| ; The following example shows how to setup a network card using DHCP
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| To add a new interface using DHCP, add the following lines:
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| auto <Interface>
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| allow-hotplug <Interface>
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| iface <Interface> inet dhcp
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|
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| Image:Bild13.png|top]]
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|
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| Where '''allow-hotplug''' will start the interface upon event detection.
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|
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| ; Note
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| :* ''' for IPv6 add “'''inet6'''”: '''''iface <interface> inet6 dhcp''
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| :* Where '''<interface>''' you should set your device name, '''eth0''', '''enp2s0''', '''wlp3s0''', etc.
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|
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| === Static address ===
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| If instead of configuring the interface with DHCP you want to set a static IP address and gateway replace the previous instructions with the following (replace '''192.168.0.8/24''' and '''192.168.0.1 '''with your correct IP addresses):
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| auto <Interface>iface
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| <Interface> inet staticaddress 192.168.0.1
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| netmask 255.255.255.0
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| gateway 192.168.0.1
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| dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8
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|
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| Image:Bild14.png|top]]
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|
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| Defining gateway and broadcast is optional.
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| * The following example shows a different configuration which runs after the network interface is enabled (up) or disabled (down).
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| * The “'''''up'''''” lines are executed when the device is enabled while the “'''''down”''''' lines when it is disabled:
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| auto eth0
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| iface eth0 inet staticaddress 192.168.0.5
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| network 192.168.0.0
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| netmask 255.255.255.128
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| broadcast 192.168.0.0
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| up route add -net 192.168.0.128 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.0.1up route add default gw 192.168.0.200
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| down route del default gw 192.168.0.200
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| down route del -net 192.168.0.128 netmask 255.255.255.128 gw 192.168.0.1
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|
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| Image:Bild15.png|top]]
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|
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| === Network card with 2 interfaces ===
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| ; Static configuration for a network card with two interfaces
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| auto eth0 eth0:1
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|
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| iface eth0
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| inet staticaddress 192.168.0.5
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| network 192.168.0.0
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| netmask 255.255.255.0
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| broadcast 192.168.0.255
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| gateway 192.168.0.1
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| iface eth0:1
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| inet staticaddress 192.168.0.10
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| network 192.168.0.0
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| netmask 255.255.255.0
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|
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| === Bonding ===
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| siehe [[Bonding]]
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|
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| === Logging ===
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| : Enable logging for the file /etc/network/interfaces
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| * There are 3 options related to the logging:
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|
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| ; VERBOSE
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| * instructs log files to have detailed information
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|
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| ; DEBUG
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| * enable debugging when logging
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|
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| ; SYSLOG
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| * save logs within /var/log/syslog
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|
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| Image:Bild20.png|top]]
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|
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| === Pre-up commands for /etc/network/interfaces ===
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| * Pre-up commands are executed before enabling the network device
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| * If the pre-up command fails the network card activation wont take place
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|
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| ; Post-up instructions for /etc/network/interfaces
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| * Post-up instructions are executed after the network interface is enabled
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|
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| ; Pre-down instructions for /etc/network/interfaces
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| * Pre-down instructions are executed before disabling the network device
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| '* Post-down instructions for /etc/network/interfaces: Post-down instructions are executed after the network interface is disabled
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|
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| Pre-up, pre-down, post-up and post-down flags are conditional, if they ail the network device won’t get enabled or won’t be properly marked as disabled.
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|
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| For example, the instruction:
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| pre-up /usr/local/sbin/iptables
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|
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| Will run the firewall before the network interface gets enabled, if iptables fails to start the network interface wont turn on.
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|
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| # Quelle: https://linuxhint.com/debian_etc_network_interfaces/
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|
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| === Persistente Routen ===
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| Dauerhafte (persistente) statische Routen werden in /etc/network/interfaces eingetragen
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|
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| #--------------------------------------------#
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| # Setup the loopback network interface (lo0) #
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| #--------------------------------------------#
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| auto lo
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| iface lo inet loopback
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|
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| #--------------------------------------------#
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| # Setup eth0 - connected to private LAN/VLAN #
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| #--------------------------------------------#
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| auto eth0
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| allow-hotplug eth0
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| iface eth0 inet static
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| address 10.70.201.5
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| netmask 255.255.255.192
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| '''### add persistent route command ###
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| post-up route add -net 10.0.0.0 netmask 255.0.0.0 gw 10.70.201.6'''
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|
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| #----------------------------------------#
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| # Setup eth1 - connected to the Internet #
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| #----------------------------------------#
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| auto eth1
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| allow-hotplug eth1
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| iface eth1 inet static
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| address 205.153.203.98
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| netmask 255.255.255.248
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| ### default gateway ###
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| gateway 205.153.203.97
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|
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| # service networking restart
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