Runlevel/Default

Runlevel/Default - Beschreibung

Aufruf

Optionen

Unix	GNU	Parameter	Beschreibung
-1	--single		Exit as soon as the first advertisement is received (default)

Anwendung

Change Default runlevel

The Default runlevel can be set either by using the systemctl command or making a symbolic link of runlevel targets file to the default target file

Method 1

Let’s check the current run level by using the following command

sudo systemctl get-default
graphical.target

Before changing the default runlevel, check out the available targets

 # systemctl list-units --type=target
 UNIT LOAD ACTIVE SUB DESCRIPTION
 basic.target loaded active active Basic System
 cryptsetup.target loaded active active Encrypted Volumes
 getty.target loaded active active Login Prompts
 graphical.target loaded active active Graphical Interface
 local-fs-pre.target loaded active active Local File Systems (Pre)
 local-fs.target loaded active active Local File Systems
 multi-user.target loaded active active Multi-User System
 network-online.target loaded active active Network is Online
 network.target loaded active active Network
 nss-user-lookup.target loaded active active User and Group Name Lookups
 paths.target loaded active active Paths
 remote-fs.target loaded active active Remote File Systems
 slices.target loaded active active Slices
 sockets.target loaded active active Sockets
 sound.target loaded active active Sound Card
 swap.target loaded active active Swap
 sysinit.target loaded active active System Initialization
 time-sync.target loaded active active System Time Synchronized
 timers.target loaded active active Timers
 
 LOAD = Reflects whether the unit definition was properly loaded
 ACTIVE = The high-level unit activation state, i.e. generalization of SUB
 SUB = The low-level unit activation state, values depend on unit type

Issue the following command to change the default runlevel to runlevel 3 (nothing but a multi-user.target)

sudo systemctl set-default multi-user.target

Confirm the default runlevel

sudo systemctl get-default
 multi-user.target

Reboot and check it out

 # reboot

Method 2

In the previous method, we made the runlevel 3 as the default runlevel

• You can also confirm that using the following command

sudo systemctl get-default
 multi-user.target

For a demo, issue the following command to make runlevel 5 as the default runlevel

sudo ln -sf /lib/systemd/system/runlevel5.target /etc/systemd/system/default.target

OR

sudo ln -sf /lib/systemd/system/graphical.target /etc/systemd/system/default.target

Again check the current level

• Now the default runlevel is the graphical mode(runlevel 5)

 # systemctl get-default
 graphical.target

Reboot the machine and check it out

 # reboot

Konfiguration

Dateien

Datei	Beschreibung
/proc/sys
/etc/sysctl.conf

Anhang

Siehe auch

• Runlevel/Default

Links

Weblinks

1. https://www.itzgeek.com/how-tos/linux/debian/change-default-runlevel-debian-9.html
2. https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_enterprise_linux/7/html/system_administrators_guide/sect-managing_services_with_systemd-targets
3. https://www.admin-magazin.de/Das-Heft/2014/10/Systemstart-mit-Systemd-unter-Linux
4. https://www.systutorials.com/239880/change-systemd-boot-target-linux/
5. https://wiki.debian.org/systemd

TMP

• In Debian 9/10, systemd uses targets instead of run-levels
• The /etc/inittab file is no longer used by systemd to change run levels