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|
| Zeile 128: |
Zeile 128: |
| 5 packets transmitted, 5 received, 0% packet loss, time 4006ms | | 5 packets transmitted, 5 received, 0% packet loss, time 4006ms |
| rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 22.572/23.416/25.650/1.130 ms | | rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 22.572/23.416/25.650/1.130 ms |
|
| |
| == Aufruf ==
| |
| ping [-aAbBdDfhLnOqrRUvV46] [-c count] [-F flowlabel] [-i interval] [-I interface] [-l preload]
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| [-m mark] [-M pmtudisc_option] [-N nodeinfo_option] [-w deadline] [-W timeout] [-p pattern]
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| [-Q tos] [-s packetsize] [-S sndbuf] [-t ttl] [-T timestamp option] [hop...] {destination}
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|
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| Anstelle der IP-Adresse kann auch ein Host-Name angegeben werden. Es wird dann versucht, diesen in eine DNS-Adresse aufzulösen.
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| $ ping OPTIONEN 10.10.0.1
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|
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| Man muss ping entweder händisch stoppen '''(mit Strg + C )''' oder mit der entsprechenden Option die Anzahl der gesendeten Pakete begrenzen.
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|
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| ; Es gibt zwei Varianten des ping-Befehl
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| * ping - für IPv4-Adressen
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| * ping6 - für IPv6-Adressen
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|
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| $ '''ping foxtom.de'''
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| PING foxtom.de (116.202.118.50) 56(84) bytes of data.
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| 64 bytes from mx10.foxtom.de (116.202.118.50): icmp_seq=1 ttl=54 time=28.5 ms
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| 64 bytes from mx10.foxtom.de (116.202.118.50): icmp_seq=2 ttl=54 time=22.7 ms
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| 64 bytes from mx10.foxtom.de (116.202.118.50): icmp_seq=3 ttl=54 time=22.8 ms
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| ^C
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| --- foxtom.de ping statistics ---
| |
| 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2001ms
| |
| rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 22.685/24.664/28.471/2.692 ms
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|
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| === Optionen ===
| |
| {| class="wikitable sortable options"
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| |-
| |
| ! Option !! Beschreibung
| |
| |-
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| | '''-4''' || Use IPv4 only.
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| |-
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| | '''-6''' || Use IPv6 only.
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| |-
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| | '''-a''' || Audible ping.
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| |-
| |
| |'''-A''' || Adaptive ping. Interpacket interval adapts to round-trip time, so that effectively not more than one (or more, if preload is set) unanswered
| |
| probe is present in the network. Minimal interval is 200msec unless super-user. On networks with low RTT this mode is essentially equivalent
| |
| to flood mode.
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| |-
| |
| | '''-b''' || Allow pinging a broadcast address.
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| |-
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| | '''-B''' || Do not allow ping to change source address of probes. The address is bound to one selected when ping starts.
| |
| |-
| |
| | '''-c''' count || Stop after sending count ECHO_REQUEST packets. With deadline option, ping waits for count ECHO_REPLY packets, until the timeout expires.
| |
| |-
| |
| | '''-d''' || Set the SO_DEBUG option on the socket being used. Essentially, this socket option is not used by Linux kernel.
| |
| |-
| |
| |'''-D''' || Print timestamp (unix time + microseconds as in gettimeofday) before each line.
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| |-
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| |'''-f''' || Flood ping. For every ECHO_REQUEST sent a period "." is printed, while for every ECHO_REPLY received a backspace is printed. This provides a
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| rapid display of how many packets are being dropped. If interval is not given, it sets interval to zero and outputs packets as fast as they
| |
| come back or one hundred times per second, whichever is more. Only the super-user may use this option with zero interval.
| |
| |-
| |
| | '''-F''' flow label || IPv6 only. Allocate and set 20 bit flow label (in hex) on echo request packets. If value is zero, kernel allocates random flow label.
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| |-
| |
| | '''-h''' || Show help.
| |
| |-
| |
| |'''-i''' interval || Wait interval seconds between sending each packet. Real number allowed with dot as a decimal separator (regardless locale setup). The default
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| is to wait for one second between each packet normally, or not to wait in flood mode. Only super-user may set interval to values less than
| |
| 0.2 seconds.
| |
| |-
| |
| |'''-I''' interface || interface is either an address, an interface name or a VRF name. If interface is an address, it sets source address to specified interface
| |
| address. If interface is an interface name, it sets source interface to specified interface. If interface is a VRF name, each packet is
| |
| routed using the corresponding routing table; in this case, the -I option can be repeated to specify a source address. NOTE: For IPv6, when
| |
| doing ping to a link-local scope address, link specification (by the '%'-notation in destination, or by this option) can be used but it is no
| |
| longer required.
| |
| |-
| |
| | '''-l''' preload || If preload is specified, ping sends that many packets not waiting for reply. Only the super-user may select preload more than 3.
| |
| |-
| |
| | '''-L''' || Suppress loopback of multicast packets. This flag only applies if the ping destination is a multicast address.
| |
| |-
| |
| | '''-m''' mark || use mark to tag the packets going out. This is useful for variety of reasons within the kernel such as using policy routing to select
| |
| specific outbound processing.
| |
| |-
| |
| | '''-M''' pmtudisc_opt || Select Path MTU Discovery strategy. pmtudisc_option may be either do (prohibit fragmentation, even local one), want (do PMTU discovery,
| |
| fragment locally when packet size is large), or dont (do not set DF flag).
| |
| |-
| |
| | '''-N''' nodeinfo_option || IPv6 only. Send ICMPv6 Node Information Queries (RFC4620), instead of Echo Request. CAP_NET_RAW capability is required.
| |
| |}
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|
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| === Argumente ===
| |
| === Umgebung ===
| |
| === Paketaufbau ===
| |
| [[File:Ping.png|600px]]
| |
| === Rückgabewert ===
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|
| |
|
| == Anwendung == | | == Anwendung == |
Ping - Beschreibung
Beschreibung
Installation
ping ist Teil des Pakets iputils-ping
Aufruf
Optionen
| Unix |
GNU |
Parameter |
Beschreibung
|
|
|
|
|
Parameter
Umgebungsvariablen
Exit-Status
| Wert |
Beschreibung
|
| 0 |
Erfolg
|
| >0 |
Fehler
|
Anwendung
Problembehebung
Konfiguration
Dateien
Anhang
Siehe auch
Dokumentation
Links
Projekt
Weblinks
- https://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/ping/
Anhang
Siehe auch
Sicherheit
Dokumentation
- Man-Page
- Info-Page
Links
Weblinks
- https://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/ping/
TMP
ping - Prüft die Erreichbarkeit eines Netzwerkknotens durch Senden eines ICMP ECHO_REQUEST
Beschreibung
packed internet grouper - Prüft die Erreichbarkeit eines Netzwerkknotens durch Senden eines ICMP ECHO_REQUEST
- ping prüft die Verbindung zu einem Zielsystem, indem es einen Echo Request sendet und einen Echo Reply erwartet
$ ping google.de
PING google.de(ham02s17-in-x03.1e100.net (2a00:1450:4005:80b::2003)) 56 data bytes
64 bytes from ham02s17-in-x03.1e100.net (2a00:1450:4005:80b::2003): icmp_seq=1 ttl=119 time=25.7 ms
64 bytes from ham02s17-in-x03.1e100.net (2a00:1450:4005:80b::2003): icmp_seq=2 ttl=119 time=22.9 ms
64 bytes from ham02s17-in-x03.1e100.net (2a00:1450:4005:80b::2003): icmp_seq=3 ttl=119 time=22.6 ms
64 bytes from ham02s17-in-x03.1e100.net (2a00:1450:4005:80b::2003): icmp_seq=4 ttl=119 time=22.9 ms
64 bytes from ham02s17-in-x03.1e100.net (2a00:1450:4005:80b::2003): icmp_seq=5 ttl=119 time=23.1 ms
^C
--- google.de ping statistics ---
5 packets transmitted, 5 received, 0% packet loss, time 4006ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 22.572/23.416/25.650/1.130 ms
Anwendung
| Option |
Beispiel |
Beschreibung
|
| -c ANZAHL |
$ ping -c 10 foxtom.de |
|
| -w ENDE |
$ ping -w 15 foxtom.de |
|
| -W AUSZEIT |
$ ping -W 015 foxtom.de |
|
| -i INTERVALL |
$ ping -i 15 foxtom.de |
|
| -I SCHNITTSTELLE |
$ ping -I enp2s0 ($ ip a)foxtom.de |
|
Ping und MTU
- Die im Befehl ping angegebene Größe entspricht der Anzahl der zu sendenden Datenbytes.
- Diese muss also 28 Byte kleiner sein als die tatsächliche Paketgröße, um die Größe des Paket-Headers zu berücksichtigen.
- Dieser lässt sich recht einfach über Bordmittel des Betriebssystems bestimmen.
- siehe MTU
Beispiel
$ ping -s 1500 -c 10 -M do <Hostname>
Problembehebung
- Ping 127.