Chage

chage - (change age) Ablaufdatum des Passworts und damit verknüpfte Fristen

Beschreibung

The chage command changes the number of days between password changes and the date of the last password change

• This information is used by the system to determine when a user must change their password

Aufruf

sudo chage [options] LOGIN

Optionen

Unix	GNU	Parameter	Beschreibung
-d	--lastday	LAST_DAY	Set the number of days since January 1st, 1970 when the password was last changed The date may also be expressed in the format YYYY-MM-DD (or the format more commonly used in your area) If the LAST_DAY is set to 0 the user is forced to change his password on the next log on
-E	--expiredate	EXPIRE_DATE	setzt den Tag angegeben als Anzahl von Tagen nach dem 1 Januar 1970, ab dem das Benutzerkonto nicht mehr zugänglich sein soll Das Datum kann auch im Format JJJJ-MM-TT (oder in dem Format, das in Ihrer Region verbreitet ist) angegeben werden Ein Benutzer, dessen Konto stillgelegt ist, muss sich mit dem Systemadministrator in Verbindung setzen, ehe er das System wieder verwenden kann For example the following can be used to set an account to expire in 180 days: chage -E $(date -d +180days +%Y-%m-%d) Passing the number -1 as the EXPIRE_DATE will remove an account expiration date
-h	--help		zeigt die Hilfe an und beendet das Programm
-i	--iso8601		Bei der Datumsausgabe das ISO-Format JJJJ-MM-TT verwenden
-I	--inactive INACTIVE		Set the number of days of inactivity after a password has expired before the account is locked The INACTIVE option is the number of days of inactivity A user whose account is locked must contact the system administrator before being able to use the system again Passing the number -1 as the INACTIVE will remove an account's inactivity
-l	--list		zeigt den Zugang zum Benutzerkonto betreffende Fristen an
-m	--mindays	MIN_DAYS	Set the minimum number of days between password changes to MIN_DAYS A value of zero for this field indicates that the user may change their password at any time
-M	--maxdays	MAX_DAYS	Set the maximum number of days during which a password is valid When MAX_DAYS plus LAST_DAY is less than the current day, the user will be required to change their password before being able to use their account This occurrence can be planned for in advance by use of the -W option, which provides the user with advance warning Passing the number -1 as MAX_DAYS will remove checking a password's validity
-R	--root	CHROOT_DIR	Apply changes in the CHROOT_DIR directory and use the configuration files from the CHROOT_DIR directory Only absolute paths are supported
-P	--prefix	PREFIX_DIR	Apply changes to configuration files under the root filesystem found under the directory PREFIX_DIR This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross-compilation target Some limitations: NIS and LDAP users/groups are not verified No SELINUX support
-W	--warndays	WARN_DAYS	Set the number of days of warning before a password change is required The WARN_DAYS option is the number of days prior to the password expiring that a user will be warned their password is about to expire If none of the options are selected, chage operates in an interactive fashion, prompting the user with the current values for all of the fields Enter the new value to change the field, or leave the line blank to use the current value The current value is displayed between a pair of [ ] marks

Exit-Status

Wert	Beschreibung
0	Erfolg
>0	Fehler

RÜCKGABEWERTE

The chage command exits with the following values:

0

success

1

permission denied

2

invalid command syntax

15

can't find the shadow password file

Konfiguration

The following configuration variables in /etc/login.defs change the behavior of this tool:

Dateien

Datei	Beschreibung

DATEIEN

/etc/passwd

Informationen zu den Benutzerkonten

/etc/shadow

geschützte Informationen zu den Benutzerkonten

Anhang

Siehe auch

---

---

• /etc/passwd(5)
• /etc/shadow(5)

Dokumentation

Man-Page

1. chage(1)

ANMERKUNGEN

The chage program requires a shadow password file to be available

The chage program will report only the information from the shadow password file

• This implies that configuration from other sources (e.g
• LDAP or empty password hash field from the passwd file) that affect the user's login will not be shown in the chage output

The chage program will also not report any inconsistency between the shadow and passwd files (e.g

• missing x in the passwd file)
• The pwck can be used to check for this kind of inconsistencies

The chage command is restricted to the root user, except for the -l option, which may be used by an unprivileged user to determine when their password or account is due to expire