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== Anwendungen ==
== Anwendungen ==
=== usage ===
  certbot [SUBCOMMAND] [options] [-d DOMAIN] [-d DOMAIN] ...
Certbot can obtain and install HTTPS/TLS/SSL certificates. By default, it will attempt to use a webserver both for obtaining and installing the certificate. The most common SUBCOMMANDS and flags are:
=== obtain, install, and renew certificates ===
    (default) run  Obtain & install a certificate in your current webserver
    certonly        Obtain or renew a certificate, but do not install it
    renew          Renew all previously obtained certificates that are near expiry
    enhance        Add security enhancements to your existing configuration
  -d DOMAINS      Comma-separated list of domains to obtain a certificate for
  --apache          Use the Apache plugin for authentication & installation
  --standalone      Run a standalone webserver for authentication
  --nginx          Use the Nginx plugin for authentication & installation
  --webroot        Place files in a server's webroot folder for authentication
  --manual          Obtain certificates interactively, or using shell script hooks
  -n              Run non-interactively
  --test-cert      Obtain a test certificate from a staging server
  --dry-run        Test "renew" or "certonly" without saving any certificates to disk
=== manage certificates ===
    certificates    Display information about certificates you have from Certbot
    revoke          Revoke a certificate (supply --cert-name or --cert-path)
    delete          Delete a certificate (supply --cert-name)
=== manage your account ===
    register        Create an ACME account
    unregister      Deactivate an ACME account
    update_account  Update an ACME account
    show_account    Display account details
  --agree-tos      Agree to the ACME server's Subscriber Agreement
  -m EMAIL        Email address for important account notifications
=== optional arguments ===
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  -c CONFIG_FILE, --config CONFIG_FILE
                        path to config file (default: /etc/letsencrypt/cli.ini
                        and ~/.config/letsencrypt/cli.ini)
  -v, --verbose        This flag can be used multiple times to incrementally
                        increase the verbosity of output, e.g. -vvv. (default:
                        0)
  --max-log-backups MAX_LOG_BACKUPS
                        Specifies the maximum number of backup logs that
                        should be kept by Certbot's built in log rotation.
                        Setting this flag to 0 disables log rotation entirely,
                        causing Certbot to always append to the same log file.
                        (default: 1000)
  -n, --non-interactive, --noninteractive
                        Run without ever asking for user input. This may
                        require additional command line flags; the client will
                        try to explain which ones are required if it finds one
                        missing (default: False)
  --force-interactive  Force Certbot to be interactive even if it detects
                        it's not being run in a terminal. This flag cannot be
                        used with the renew subcommand. (default: False)
  -d DOMAIN, --domains DOMAIN, --domain DOMAIN
                        Domain names to apply. For multiple domains you can
                        use multiple -d flags or enter a comma separated list
                        of domains as a parameter. The first domain provided
                        will be the subject CN of the certificate, and all
                        domains will be Subject Alternative Names on the
                        certificate. The first domain will also be used in
                        some software user interfaces and as the file paths
                        for the certificate and related material unless
                        otherwise specified or you already have a certificate
                        with the same name. In the case of a name collision it
                        will append a number like 0001 to the file path name.
                        (default: Ask)
  --eab-kid EAB_KID    Key Identifier for External Account Binding (default:
                        None)
  --eab-hmac-key EAB_HMAC_KEY
                        HMAC key for External Account Binding (default: None)
  --cert-name CERTNAME  Certificate name to apply. This name is used by
                        Certbot for housekeeping and in file paths; it doesn't
                        affect the content of the certificate itself. To see
                        certificate names, run 'certbot certificates'. When
                        creating a new certificate, specifies the new
                        certificate's name. (default: the first provided
                        domain or the name of an existing certificate on your
                        system for the same domains)
  --dry-run            Perform a test run of the client, obtaining test
                        (invalid) certificates but not saving them to disk.
                        This can currently only be used with the 'certonly'
                        and 'renew' subcommands. Note: Although --dry-run
                        tries to avoid making any persistent changes on a
                        system, it is not completely side-effect free: if used
                        with webserver authenticator plugins like apache and
                        nginx, it makes and then reverts temporary config
                        changes in order to obtain test certificates, and
                        reloads webservers to deploy and then roll back those
                        changes. It also calls --pre-hook and --post-hook
                        commands if they are defined because they may be
                        necessary to accurately simulate renewal. --deploy-
                        hook commands are not called. (default: False)
  --debug-challenges    After setting up challenges, wait for user input
                        before submitting to CA. When used in combination with
                        the `-v` option, the challenge URLs or FQDNs and their
                        expected return values are shown. (default: False)
  --preferred-chain PREFERRED_CHAIN
                        Set the preferred certificate chain. If the CA offers
                        multiple certificate chains, prefer the chain whose
                        topmost certificate was issued from this Subject
                        Common Name. If no match, the default offered chain
                        will be used. (default: None)
  --preferred-challenges PREF_CHALLS
                        A sorted, comma delimited list of the preferred
                        challenge to use during authorization with the most
                        preferred challenge listed first (Eg, "dns" or
                        "http,dns"). Not all plugins support all challenges.
                        See https://certbot.eff.org/docs/using.html#plugins
                        for details. ACME Challenges are versioned, but if you
                        pick "http" rather than "http-01", Certbot will select
                        the latest version automatically. (default: [])
  --issuance-timeout ISSUANCE_TIMEOUT
                        This option specifies how long (in seconds) Certbot
                        will wait for the server to issue a certificate.
                        (default: 90)
  --user-agent USER_AGENT
                        Set a custom user agent string for the client. User
                        agent strings allow the CA to collect high level
                        statistics about success rates by OS, plugin and use
                        case, and to know when to deprecate support for past
                        Python versions and flags. If you wish to hide this
                        information from the Let's Encrypt server, set this to
                        "". (default: CertbotACMEClient/1.24.0 (certbot;
                        OS_NAME OS_VERSION) Authenticator/XXX Installer/YYY
                        (SUBCOMMAND; flags: FLAGS) Py/major.minor.patchlevel).
                        The flags encoded in the user agent are: --duplicate,
                        --force-renew, --allow-subset-of-names, -n, and
                        whether any hooks are set.
  --user-agent-comment USER_AGENT_COMMENT
                        Add a comment to the default user agent string. May be
                        used when repackaging Certbot or calling it from
                        another tool to allow additional statistical data to
                        be collected. Ignored if --user-agent is set.
                        (Example: Foo-Wrapper/1.0) (default: None)
=== automation ===
  Flags for automating execution & other tweaks
  --keep-until-expiring, --keep, --reinstall
                        If the requested certificate matches an existing
                        certificate, always keep the existing one until it is
                        due for renewal (for the 'run' subcommand this means
                        reinstall the existing certificate). (default: Ask)
  --expand              If an existing certificate is a strict subset of the
                        requested names, always expand and replace it with the
                        additional names. (default: Ask)
  --version            show program's version number and exit
  --force-renewal, --renew-by-default
                        If a certificate already exists for the requested
                        domains, renew it now, regardless of whether it is
                        near expiry. (Often --keep-until-expiring is more
                        appropriate). Also implies --expand. (default: False)
  --renew-with-new-domains
                        If a certificate already exists for the requested
                        certificate name but does not match the requested
                        domains, renew it now, regardless of whether it is
                        near expiry. (default: False)
  --reuse-key          When renewing, use the same private key as the
                        existing certificate. (default: False)
  --no-reuse-key        When renewing, do not use the same private key as the
                        existing certificate. Not reusing private keys is the
                        default behavior of Certbot. This option may be used
                        to unset --reuse-key on an existing certificate.
                        (default: False)
  --allow-subset-of-names
                        When performing domain validation, do not consider it
                        a failure if authorizations can not be obtained for a
                        strict subset of the requested domains. This may be
                        useful for allowing renewals for multiple domains to
                        succeed even if some domains no longer point at this
                        system. This option cannot be used with --csr.
                        (default: False)
  --agree-tos          Agree to the ACME Subscriber Agreement (default: Ask)
  --duplicate          Allow making a certificate lineage that duplicates an
                        existing one (both can be renewed in parallel)
                        (default: False)
  -q, --quiet          Silence all output except errors. Useful for
                        automation via cron. Implies --non-interactive.
                        (default: False)
=== security ===
  Security parameters & server settings
  --rsa-key-size N      Size of the RSA key. (default: 2048)
  --key-type {rsa,ecdsa}
                        Type of generated private key. Only *ONE* per
                        invocation can be provided at this time. (default:
                        rsa)
  --elliptic-curve N    The SECG elliptic curve name to use. Please see RFC
                        8446 for supported values. (default: secp256r1)
  --must-staple        Adds the OCSP Must Staple extension to the
                        certificate. Autoconfigures OCSP Stapling for
                        supported setups (Apache version >= 2.3.3 ). (default:
                        False)
  --redirect            Automatically redirect all HTTP traffic to HTTPS for
                        the newly authenticated vhost. (default: redirect
                        enabled for install and run, disabled for enhance)
  --no-redirect        Do not automatically redirect all HTTP traffic to
                        HTTPS for the newly authenticated vhost. (default:
                        redirect enabled for install and run, disabled for
                        enhance)
  --hsts                Add the Strict-Transport-Security header to every HTTP
                        response. Forcing browser to always use SSL for the
                        domain. Defends against SSL Stripping. (default: None)
  --uir                Add the "Content-Security-Policy: upgrade-insecure-
                        requests" header to every HTTP response. Forcing the
                        browser to use https:// for every http:// resource.
                        (default: None)
  --staple-ocsp        Enables OCSP Stapling. A valid OCSP response is
                        stapled to the certificate that the server offers
                        during TLS. (default: None)
  --strict-permissions  Require that all configuration files are owned by the
                        current user; only needed if your config is somewhere
                        unsafe like /tmp/ (default: False)
  --auto-hsts          Gradually increasing max-age value for HTTP Strict
                        Transport Security security header (default: False)
=== testing ===
  The following flags are meant for testing and integration purposes only.
  --test-cert, --staging
                        Use the staging server to obtain or revoke test
                        (invalid) certificates; equivalent to --server
                        https://acme-staging-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/directory
                        (default: False)
  --debug              Show tracebacks in case of errors (default: False)
  --no-verify-ssl      Disable verification of the ACME server's certificate.
                        (default: False)
  --http-01-port HTTP01_PORT
                        Port used in the http-01 challenge. This only affects
                        the port Certbot listens on. A conforming ACME server
                        will still attempt to connect on port 80. (default:
                        80)
  --http-01-address HTTP01_ADDRESS
                        The address the server listens to during http-01
                        challenge. (default: )
  --https-port HTTPS_PORT
                        Port used to serve HTTPS. This affects which port
                        Nginx will listen on after a LE certificate is
                        installed. (default: 443)
  --break-my-certs      Be willing to replace or renew valid certificates with
                        invalid (testing/staging) certificates (default:
                        False)
=== paths ===
  Flags for changing execution paths & servers
  --cert-path CERT_PATH
                        Path to where certificate is saved (with certonly
                        --csr), installed from, or revoked (default: None)
  --key-path KEY_PATH  Path to private key for certificate installation or
                        revocation (if account key is missing) (default: None)
  --fullchain-path FULLCHAIN_PATH
                        Accompanying path to a full certificate chain
                        (certificate plus chain). (default: None)
  --chain-path CHAIN_PATH
                        Accompanying path to a certificate chain. (default:
                        None)
  --config-dir CONFIG_DIR
                        Configuration directory. (default: /etc/letsencrypt)
  --work-dir WORK_DIR  Working directory. (default: /var/lib/letsencrypt)
  --logs-dir LOGS_DIR  Logs directory. (default: /var/log/letsencrypt)
  --server SERVER      ACME Directory Resource URI. (default:
                        https://acme-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/directory)
=== manage ===
  Various subcommands and flags are available for managing your
  certificates:
  certificates          List certificates managed by Certbot
  delete                Clean up all files related to a certificate
  renew                Renew all certificates (or one specified with --cert-
                        name)
  revoke                Revoke a certificate specified with --cert-path or
                        --cert-name
  update_symlinks      Recreate symlinks in your /etc/letsencrypt/live/
                        directory
=== run ===
  Options for obtaining & installing certificates
=== certonly ===
  Options for modifying how a certificate is obtained
  --csr CSR            Path to a Certificate Signing Request (CSR) in DER or
                        PEM format. Currently --csr only works with the
                        'certonly' subcommand. (default: None)
=== renew ===
  The 'renew' subcommand will attempt to renew any certificates previously
  obtained if they are close to expiry, and print a summary of the results.
  By default, 'renew' will reuse the plugins and options used to obtain or
  most recently renew each certificate. You can test whether future renewals
  will succeed with `--dry-run`. Individual certificates can be renewed with
  the `--cert-name` option. Hooks are available to run commands before and
  after renewal; see https://certbot.eff.org/docs/using.html#renewal for
  more information on these.
  --pre-hook PRE_HOOK  Command to be run in a shell before obtaining any
                        certificates. Intended primarily for renewal, where it
                        can be used to temporarily shut down a webserver that
                        might conflict with the standalone plugin. This will
                        only be called if a certificate is actually to be
                        obtained/renewed. When renewing several certificates
                        that have identical pre-hooks, only the first will be
                        executed. (default: None)
  --post-hook POST_HOOK
                        Command to be run in a shell after attempting to
                        obtain/renew certificates. Can be used to deploy
                        renewed certificates, or to restart any servers that
                        were stopped by --pre-hook. This is only run if an
                        attempt was made to obtain/renew a certificate. If
                        multiple renewed certificates have identical post-
                        hooks, only one will be run. (default: None)
  --deploy-hook DEPLOY_HOOK
                        Command to be run in a shell once for each
                        successfully issued certificate. For this command, the
                        shell variable $RENEWED_LINEAGE will point to the
                        config live subdirectory (for example,
                        "/etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com") containing the
                        new certificates and keys; the shell variable
                        $RENEWED_DOMAINS will contain a space-delimited list
                        of renewed certificate domains (for example,
                        "example.com www.example.com" (default: None)
  --disable-hook-validation
                        Ordinarily the commands specified for --pre-
                        hook/--post-hook/--deploy-hook will be checked for
                        validity, to see if the programs being run are in the
                        $PATH, so that mistakes can be caught early, even when
                        the hooks aren't being run just yet. The validation is
                        rather simplistic and fails if you use more advanced
                        shell constructs, so you can use this switch to
                        disable it. (default: False)
  --no-directory-hooks  Disable running executables found in Certbot's hook
                        directories during renewal. (default: False)
  --disable-renew-updates
                        Disable automatic updates to your server configuration
                        that would otherwise be done by the selected installer
                        plugin, and triggered when the user executes "certbot
                        renew", regardless of if the certificate is renewed.
                        This setting does not apply to important TLS
                        configuration updates. (default: False)
  --no-autorenew        Disable auto renewal of certificates. (default: True)
=== certificates ===
  List certificates managed by Certbot
=== delete ===
  Options for deleting a certificate
=== revoke ===
  Options for revocation of certificates
  --reason {unspecified,keycompromise,affiliationchanged,superseded,cessationofoperation}
                        Specify reason for revoking certificate. (default:
                        unspecified)
  --delete-after-revoke
                        Delete certificates after revoking them, along with
                        all previous and later versions of those certificates.
                        (default: None)
  --no-delete-after-revoke
                        Do not delete certificates after revoking them. This
                        option should be used with caution because the 'renew'
                        subcommand will attempt to renew undeleted revoked
                        certificates. (default: None)
=== register ===
  Options for account registration
  --register-unsafely-without-email
                        Specifying this flag enables registering an account
                        with no email address. This is strongly discouraged,
                        because you will be unable to receive notice about
                        impending expiration or revocation of your
                        certificates or problems with your Certbot
                        installation that will lead to failure to renew.
                        (default: False)
  -m EMAIL, --email EMAIL
                        Email used for registration and recovery contact. Use
                        comma to register multiple emails, ex:
                        u1@example.com,u2@example.com. (default: Ask).
  --eff-email          Share your e-mail address with EFF (default: None)
  --no-eff-email        Don't share your e-mail address with EFF (default:
                        None)
=== update_account ===
  Options for account modification
=== unregister ===
  Options for account deactivation.
  --account ACCOUNT_ID  Account ID to use (default: None)
=== install ===
  Options for modifying how a certificate is deployed
=== rollback ===
  Options for rolling back server configuration changes
  --checkpoints N      Revert configuration N number of checkpoints.
                        (default: 1)
=== plugins ===
  Options for the "plugins" subcommand
  --init                Initialize plugins. (default: False)
  --prepare            Initialize and prepare plugins. (default: False)
  --authenticators      Limit to authenticator plugins only. (default: None)
  --installers          Limit to installer plugins only. (default: None)
=== update_symlinks ===
  Recreates certificate and key symlinks in /etc/letsencrypt/live, if you
  changed them by hand or edited a renewal configuration file
=== enhance ===
  Helps to harden the TLS configuration by adding security enhancements to
  already existing configuration.
=== show_account ===
  Options useful for the "show_account" subcommand:
=== plugins ===
  Plugin Selection: Certbot client supports an extensible plugins
  architecture. See 'certbot plugins' for a list of all installed plugins
  and their names. You can force a particular plugin by setting options
  provided below. Running --help <plugin_name> will list flags specific to
  that plugin.
  --configurator CONFIGURATOR
                        Name of the plugin that is both an authenticator and
                        an installer. Should not be used together with
                        --authenticator or --installer. (default: Ask)
  -a AUTHENTICATOR, --authenticator AUTHENTICATOR
                        Authenticator plugin name. (default: None)
  -i INSTALLER, --installer INSTALLER
                        Installer plugin name (also used to find domains).
                        (default: None)
  --apache              Obtain and install certificates using Apache (default:
                        False)
  --nginx              Obtain and install certificates using Nginx (default:
                        False)
  --standalone          Obtain certificates using a "standalone" webserver.
                        (default: False)
  --manual              Provide laborious manual instructions for obtaining a
                        certificate (default: False)
  --webroot            Obtain certificates by placing files in a webroot
                        directory. (default: False)
  --dns-cloudflare      Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are
                        using Cloudflare for DNS). (default: False)
  --dns-cloudxns        Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are
                        using CloudXNS for DNS). (default: False)
  --dns-digitalocean    Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are
                        using DigitalOcean for DNS). (default: False)
  --dns-dnsimple        Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are
                        using DNSimple for DNS). (default: False)
  --dns-dnsmadeeasy    Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are
                        using DNS Made Easy for DNS). (default: False)
  --dns-gehirn          Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are
                        using Gehirn Infrastructure Service for DNS).
                        (default: False)
  --dns-google          Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are
                        using Google Cloud DNS). (default: False)
  --dns-linode          Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are
                        using Linode for DNS). (default: False)
  --dns-luadns          Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are
                        using LuaDNS for DNS). (default: False)
  --dns-nsone          Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are
                        using NS1 for DNS). (default: False)
  --dns-ovh            Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are
                        using OVH for DNS). (default: False)
  --dns-rfc2136        Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are
                        using BIND for DNS). (default: False)
  --dns-route53        Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are
                        using Route53 for DNS). (default: False)
  --dns-sakuracloud    Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are
                        using Sakura Cloud for DNS). (default: False)
=== apache ===
  Apache Web Server plugin (Please note that the default values of the
  Apache plugin options change depending on the operating system Certbot is
  run on.)
  --apache-enmod APACHE_ENMOD
                        Path to the Apache 'a2enmod' binary (default: None)
  --apache-dismod APACHE_DISMOD
                        Path to the Apache 'a2dismod' binary (default: None)
  --apache-le-vhost-ext APACHE_LE_VHOST_EXT
                        SSL vhost configuration extension (default: -le-
                        ssl.conf)
  --apache-server-root APACHE_SERVER_ROOT
                        Apache server root directory (default: /etc/apache2)
  --apache-vhost-root APACHE_VHOST_ROOT
                        Apache server VirtualHost configuration root (default:
                        None)
  --apache-logs-root APACHE_LOGS_ROOT
                        Apache server logs directory (default:
                        /var/log/apache2)
  --apache-challenge-location APACHE_CHALLENGE_LOCATION
                        Directory path for challenge configuration (default:
                        /etc/apache2)
  --apache-handle-modules APACHE_HANDLE_MODULES
                        Let installer handle enabling required modules for you
                        (Only Ubuntu/Debian currently) (default: False)
  --apache-handle-sites APACHE_HANDLE_SITES
                        Let installer handle enabling sites for you (Only
                        Ubuntu/Debian currently) (default: False)
  --apache-ctl APACHE_CTL
                        Full path to Apache control script (default:
                        apache2ctl)
  --apache-bin APACHE_BIN
                        Full path to apache2/httpd binary (default: None)
=== dns-cloudflare ===
  Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are using Cloudflare
  for DNS).
  --dns-cloudflare-propagation-seconds DNS_CLOUDFLARE_PROPAGATION_SECONDS
                        The number of seconds to wait for DNS to propagate
                        before asking the ACME server to verify the DNS
                        record. (default: 10)
  --dns-cloudflare-credentials DNS_CLOUDFLARE_CREDENTIALS
                        Cloudflare credentials INI file. (default: None)
=== dns-cloudxns ===
  Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are using CloudXNS for
  DNS).
  --dns-cloudxns-propagation-seconds DNS_CLOUDXNS_PROPAGATION_SECONDS
                        The number of seconds to wait for DNS to propagate
                        before asking the ACME server to verify the DNS
                        record. (default: 30)
  --dns-cloudxns-credentials DNS_CLOUDXNS_CREDENTIALS
                        CloudXNS credentials INI file. (default: None)
=== dns-digitalocean ===
  Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are using DigitalOcean
  for DNS).
  --dns-digitalocean-propagation-seconds DNS_DIGITALOCEAN_PROPAGATION_SECONDS
                        The number of seconds to wait for DNS to propagate
                        before asking the ACME server to verify the DNS
                        record. (default: 10)
  --dns-digitalocean-credentials DNS_DIGITALOCEAN_CREDENTIALS
                        DigitalOcean credentials INI file. (default: None)
=== dns-dnsimple ===
  Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are using DNSimple for
  DNS).
  --dns-dnsimple-propagation-seconds DNS_DNSIMPLE_PROPAGATION_SECONDS
                        The number of seconds to wait for DNS to propagate
                        before asking the ACME server to verify the DNS
                        record. (default: 30)
  --dns-dnsimple-credentials DNS_DNSIMPLE_CREDENTIALS
                        DNSimple credentials INI file. (default: None)
=== dns-dnsmadeeasy ===
  Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are using DNS Made Easy
  for DNS).
  --dns-dnsmadeeasy-propagation-seconds DNS_DNSMADEEASY_PROPAGATION_SECONDS
                        The number of seconds to wait for DNS to propagate
                        before asking the ACME server to verify the DNS
                        record. (default: 60)
  --dns-dnsmadeeasy-credentials DNS_DNSMADEEASY_CREDENTIALS
                        DNS Made Easy credentials INI file. (default: None)
=== dns-gehirn ===
  Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are using Gehirn
  Infrastructure Service for DNS).
  --dns-gehirn-propagation-seconds DNS_GEHIRN_PROPAGATION_SECONDS
                        The number of seconds to wait for DNS to propagate
                        before asking the ACME server to verify the DNS
                        record. (default: 30)
  --dns-gehirn-credentials DNS_GEHIRN_CREDENTIALS
                        Gehirn Infrastructure Service credentials file.
                        (default: None)
=== dns-google ===
  Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are using Google Cloud
  DNS for DNS).
  --dns-google-propagation-seconds DNS_GOOGLE_PROPAGATION_SECONDS
                        The number of seconds to wait for DNS to propagate
                        before asking the ACME server to verify the DNS
                        record. (default: 60)
  --dns-google-credentials DNS_GOOGLE_CREDENTIALS
                        Path to Google Cloud DNS service account JSON file.
                        (See https://developers.google.com/identity/protocols/
                        OAuth2ServiceAccount#creatinganaccount forinformation
                        about creating a service account and
                        https://cloud.google.com/dns/access-
                        control#permissions_and_roles for information about
                        therequired permissions.) (default: None)
=== dns-linode ===
  Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are using Linode for
  DNS).
  --dns-linode-propagation-seconds DNS_LINODE_PROPAGATION_SECONDS
                        The number of seconds to wait for DNS to propagate
                        before asking the ACME server to verify the DNS
                        record. (default: 120)
  --dns-linode-credentials DNS_LINODE_CREDENTIALS
                        Linode credentials INI file. (default: None)
=== dns-luadns ===
  Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are using LuaDNS for
  DNS).
  --dns-luadns-propagation-seconds DNS_LUADNS_PROPAGATION_SECONDS
                        The number of seconds to wait for DNS to propagate
                        before asking the ACME server to verify the DNS
                        record. (default: 30)
  --dns-luadns-credentials DNS_LUADNS_CREDENTIALS
                        LuaDNS credentials INI file. (default: None)
=== dns-nsone ===
  Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are using NS1 for DNS).
  --dns-nsone-propagation-seconds DNS_NSONE_PROPAGATION_SECONDS
                        The number of seconds to wait for DNS to propagate
                        before asking the ACME server to verify the DNS
                        record. (default: 30)
  --dns-nsone-credentials DNS_NSONE_CREDENTIALS
                        NS1 credentials file. (default: None)
=== dns-ovh ===
  Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are using OVH for DNS).
  --dns-ovh-propagation-seconds DNS_OVH_PROPAGATION_SECONDS
                        The number of seconds to wait for DNS to propagate
                        before asking the ACME server to verify the DNS
                        record. (default: 30)
  --dns-ovh-credentials DNS_OVH_CREDENTIALS
                        OVH credentials INI file. (default: None)
=== dns-rfc2136 ===
  Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are using BIND for
  DNS).
  --dns-rfc2136-propagation-seconds DNS_RFC2136_PROPAGATION_SECONDS
                        The number of seconds to wait for DNS to propagate
                        before asking the ACME server to verify the DNS
                        record. (default: 60)
  --dns-rfc2136-credentials DNS_RFC2136_CREDENTIALS
                        RFC 2136 credentials INI file. (default: None)
=== dns-route53 ===
  Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are using AWS Route53
  for DNS).
  --dns-route53-propagation-seconds DNS_ROUTE53_PROPAGATION_SECONDS
                        The number of seconds to wait for DNS to propagate
                        before asking the ACME server to verify the DNS
                        record. (default: 10)
=== dns-sakuracloud ===
  Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are using Sakura Cloud
  for DNS).
  --dns-sakuracloud-propagation-seconds DNS_SAKURACLOUD_PROPAGATION_SECONDS
                        The number of seconds to wait for DNS to propagate
                        before asking the ACME server to verify the DNS
                        record. (default: 90)
  --dns-sakuracloud-credentials DNS_SAKURACLOUD_CREDENTIALS
                        Sakura Cloud credentials file. (default: None)
=== manual ===
  Authenticate through manual configuration or custom shell scripts. When
  using shell scripts, an authenticator script must be provided. The
  environment variables available to this script depend on the type of
  challenge. $CERTBOT_DOMAIN will always contain the domain being
  authenticated. For HTTP-01 and DNS-01, $CERTBOT_VALIDATION is the
  validation string, and $CERTBOT_TOKEN is the filename of the resource
  requested when performing an HTTP-01 challenge. An additional cleanup
  script can also be provided and can use the additional variable
  $CERTBOT_AUTH_OUTPUT which contains the stdout output from the auth
  script. For both authenticator and cleanup script, on HTTP-01 and DNS-01
  challenges, $CERTBOT_REMAINING_CHALLENGES will be equal to the number of
  challenges that remain after the current one, and $CERTBOT_ALL_DOMAINS
  contains a comma-separated list of all domains that are challenged for the
  current certificate.
  --manual-auth-hook MANUAL_AUTH_HOOK
                        Path or command to execute for the authentication
                        script (default: None)
  --manual-cleanup-hook MANUAL_CLEANUP_HOOK
                        Path or command to execute for the cleanup script
                        (default: None)
=== nginx ===
  Nginx Web Server plugin
  --nginx-server-root NGINX_SERVER_ROOT
                        Nginx server root directory. (default: /etc/nginx or
                        /usr/local/etc/nginx)
  --nginx-ctl NGINX_CTL
                        Path to the 'nginx' binary, used for 'configtest' and
                        retrieving nginx version number. (default: nginx)
  --nginx-sleep-seconds NGINX_SLEEP_SECONDS
                        Number of seconds to wait for nginx configuration
                        changes to apply when reloading. (default: 1)
=== null ===
  Null Installer
=== standalone ===
  Spin up a temporary webserver
=== webroot ===
  Place files in webroot directory
  --webroot-path WEBROOT_PATH, -w WEBROOT_PATH
                        public_html / webroot path. This can be specified
                        multiple times to handle different domains; each
                        domain will have the webroot path that preceded it.
                        For instance: `-w /var/www/example -d example.com -d
                        www.example.com -w /var/www/thing -d thing.net -d
                        m.thing.net` (default: Ask)
  --webroot-map WEBROOT_MAP
                        JSON dictionary mapping domains to webroot paths; this
                        implies -d for each entry. You may need to escape this
                        from your shell. E.g.: --webroot-map
                        '{"eg1.is,m.eg1.is":"/www/eg1/", "eg2.is":"/www/eg2"}'
                        This option is merged with, but takes precedence over,
                        -w / -d entries. At present, if you put webroot-map in
                        a config file, it needs to be on a single line, like:
                        webroot-map = {"example.com":"/var/www"}. (default:
                        {})
== Sicherheit ==
== Sicherheit ==
== Dokumentation ==
== Dokumentation ==

Version vom 17. Juli 2022, 10:13 Uhr


topic kurze Beschreibung

Beschreibung

Das Ziel von Certbot, Let's Encrypt und des ACME-Protokolls (Automated Certificate Management Environment) ist es, einen HTTPS-Server einzurichten und ihm automatisch, ohne menschliches Eingreifen, ein für Browser vertrauenswürdiges Zertifikat zu beschaffen. Dies geschieht durch das Ausführen eines Agenten zur Zertifikatsverwaltung auf dem Webserver.

Dieser Agent wird verwendet, um:

  • der »Let's Encrypt«-Zertifizierungsstelle automatisch zu beweisen, dass Sie die Website kontrollieren
  • ein für Browser vertrauenswürdiges Zertifikat zu beschaffen und es auf Ihrem Webserver einzurichten
  • den Ablauf Ihres Zertifikats zu verfolgen und es zu erneuern
  • das Zertifikat zu widerrufen, wenn das jemals notwendig wird

Dieses Paket enthält das Hauptprogramm sowie die selbstständigen und manuellen Authentifizierungsprogramme.

Installation

# apt install certbot

Syntax

# certbot [SUBCOMMAND] [options] [-d DOMAIN] [-d DOMAIN] ...

Parameter

Optionen

Umgebungsvariablen

Exit-Status

Konfiguration

Dateien

Anwendungen

usage

 certbot [SUBCOMMAND] [options] [-d DOMAIN] [-d DOMAIN] ...

Certbot can obtain and install HTTPS/TLS/SSL certificates. By default, it will attempt to use a webserver both for obtaining and installing the certificate. The most common SUBCOMMANDS and flags are:

obtain, install, and renew certificates

   (default) run   Obtain & install a certificate in your current webserver
   certonly        Obtain or renew a certificate, but do not install it
   renew           Renew all previously obtained certificates that are near expiry
   enhance         Add security enhancements to your existing configuration
  -d DOMAINS       Comma-separated list of domains to obtain a certificate for

 --apache          Use the Apache plugin for authentication & installation
 --standalone      Run a standalone webserver for authentication
 --nginx           Use the Nginx plugin for authentication & installation
 --webroot         Place files in a server's webroot folder for authentication
 --manual          Obtain certificates interactively, or using shell script hooks

  -n               Run non-interactively
 --test-cert       Obtain a test certificate from a staging server
 --dry-run         Test "renew" or "certonly" without saving any certificates to disk

manage certificates

   certificates    Display information about certificates you have from Certbot
   revoke          Revoke a certificate (supply --cert-name or --cert-path)
   delete          Delete a certificate (supply --cert-name)

manage your account

   register        Create an ACME account
   unregister      Deactivate an ACME account
   update_account  Update an ACME account
   show_account    Display account details
 --agree-tos       Agree to the ACME server's Subscriber Agreement
  -m EMAIL         Email address for important account notifications

optional arguments

 -h, --help            show this help message and exit
 -c CONFIG_FILE, --config CONFIG_FILE
                       path to config file (default: /etc/letsencrypt/cli.ini
                       and ~/.config/letsencrypt/cli.ini)
 -v, --verbose         This flag can be used multiple times to incrementally
                       increase the verbosity of output, e.g. -vvv. (default:
                       0)
 --max-log-backups MAX_LOG_BACKUPS
                       Specifies the maximum number of backup logs that
                       should be kept by Certbot's built in log rotation.
                       Setting this flag to 0 disables log rotation entirely,
                       causing Certbot to always append to the same log file.
                       (default: 1000)
 -n, --non-interactive, --noninteractive
                       Run without ever asking for user input. This may
                       require additional command line flags; the client will
                       try to explain which ones are required if it finds one
                       missing (default: False)
 --force-interactive   Force Certbot to be interactive even if it detects
                       it's not being run in a terminal. This flag cannot be
                       used with the renew subcommand. (default: False)
 -d DOMAIN, --domains DOMAIN, --domain DOMAIN
                       Domain names to apply. For multiple domains you can
                       use multiple -d flags or enter a comma separated list
                       of domains as a parameter. The first domain provided
                       will be the subject CN of the certificate, and all
                       domains will be Subject Alternative Names on the
                       certificate. The first domain will also be used in
                       some software user interfaces and as the file paths
                       for the certificate and related material unless
                       otherwise specified or you already have a certificate
                       with the same name. In the case of a name collision it
                       will append a number like 0001 to the file path name.
                       (default: Ask)
 --eab-kid EAB_KID     Key Identifier for External Account Binding (default:
                       None)
 --eab-hmac-key EAB_HMAC_KEY
                       HMAC key for External Account Binding (default: None)
 --cert-name CERTNAME  Certificate name to apply. This name is used by
                       Certbot for housekeeping and in file paths; it doesn't
                       affect the content of the certificate itself. To see
                       certificate names, run 'certbot certificates'. When
                       creating a new certificate, specifies the new
                       certificate's name. (default: the first provided
                       domain or the name of an existing certificate on your
                       system for the same domains)
 --dry-run             Perform a test run of the client, obtaining test
                       (invalid) certificates but not saving them to disk.
                       This can currently only be used with the 'certonly'
                       and 'renew' subcommands. Note: Although --dry-run
                       tries to avoid making any persistent changes on a
                       system, it is not completely side-effect free: if used
                       with webserver authenticator plugins like apache and
                       nginx, it makes and then reverts temporary config
                       changes in order to obtain test certificates, and
                       reloads webservers to deploy and then roll back those
                       changes. It also calls --pre-hook and --post-hook
                       commands if they are defined because they may be
                       necessary to accurately simulate renewal. --deploy-
                       hook commands are not called. (default: False)
 --debug-challenges    After setting up challenges, wait for user input
                       before submitting to CA. When used in combination with
                       the `-v` option, the challenge URLs or FQDNs and their
                       expected return values are shown. (default: False)
 --preferred-chain PREFERRED_CHAIN
                       Set the preferred certificate chain. If the CA offers
                       multiple certificate chains, prefer the chain whose
                       topmost certificate was issued from this Subject
                       Common Name. If no match, the default offered chain
                       will be used. (default: None)
 --preferred-challenges PREF_CHALLS
                       A sorted, comma delimited list of the preferred
                       challenge to use during authorization with the most
                       preferred challenge listed first (Eg, "dns" or
                       "http,dns"). Not all plugins support all challenges.
                       See https://certbot.eff.org/docs/using.html#plugins
                       for details. ACME Challenges are versioned, but if you
                       pick "http" rather than "http-01", Certbot will select
                       the latest version automatically. (default: [])
 --issuance-timeout ISSUANCE_TIMEOUT
                       This option specifies how long (in seconds) Certbot
                       will wait for the server to issue a certificate.
                       (default: 90)
 --user-agent USER_AGENT
                       Set a custom user agent string for the client. User
                       agent strings allow the CA to collect high level
                       statistics about success rates by OS, plugin and use
                       case, and to know when to deprecate support for past
                       Python versions and flags. If you wish to hide this
                       information from the Let's Encrypt server, set this to
                       "". (default: CertbotACMEClient/1.24.0 (certbot;
                       OS_NAME OS_VERSION) Authenticator/XXX Installer/YYY
                       (SUBCOMMAND; flags: FLAGS) Py/major.minor.patchlevel).
                       The flags encoded in the user agent are: --duplicate,
                       --force-renew, --allow-subset-of-names, -n, and
                       whether any hooks are set.
 --user-agent-comment USER_AGENT_COMMENT
                       Add a comment to the default user agent string. May be
                       used when repackaging Certbot or calling it from
                       another tool to allow additional statistical data to
                       be collected. Ignored if --user-agent is set.
                       (Example: Foo-Wrapper/1.0) (default: None)

automation

 Flags for automating execution & other tweaks

 --keep-until-expiring, --keep, --reinstall
                       If the requested certificate matches an existing
                       certificate, always keep the existing one until it is
                       due for renewal (for the 'run' subcommand this means
                       reinstall the existing certificate). (default: Ask)
 --expand              If an existing certificate is a strict subset of the
                       requested names, always expand and replace it with the
                       additional names. (default: Ask)
 --version             show program's version number and exit
 --force-renewal, --renew-by-default
                       If a certificate already exists for the requested
                       domains, renew it now, regardless of whether it is
                       near expiry. (Often --keep-until-expiring is more
                       appropriate). Also implies --expand. (default: False)
 --renew-with-new-domains
                       If a certificate already exists for the requested
                       certificate name but does not match the requested
                       domains, renew it now, regardless of whether it is
                       near expiry. (default: False)
 --reuse-key           When renewing, use the same private key as the
                       existing certificate. (default: False)
 --no-reuse-key        When renewing, do not use the same private key as the
                       existing certificate. Not reusing private keys is the
                       default behavior of Certbot. This option may be used
                       to unset --reuse-key on an existing certificate.
                       (default: False)
 --allow-subset-of-names
                       When performing domain validation, do not consider it
                       a failure if authorizations can not be obtained for a
                       strict subset of the requested domains. This may be
                       useful for allowing renewals for multiple domains to
                       succeed even if some domains no longer point at this
                       system. This option cannot be used with --csr.
                       (default: False)
 --agree-tos           Agree to the ACME Subscriber Agreement (default: Ask)
 --duplicate           Allow making a certificate lineage that duplicates an
                       existing one (both can be renewed in parallel)
                       (default: False)
 -q, --quiet           Silence all output except errors. Useful for
                       automation via cron. Implies --non-interactive.
                       (default: False)

security

 Security parameters & server settings

 --rsa-key-size N      Size of the RSA key. (default: 2048)
 --key-type {rsa,ecdsa}
                       Type of generated private key. Only *ONE* per
                       invocation can be provided at this time. (default:
                       rsa)
 --elliptic-curve N    The SECG elliptic curve name to use. Please see RFC
                       8446 for supported values. (default: secp256r1)
 --must-staple         Adds the OCSP Must Staple extension to the
                       certificate. Autoconfigures OCSP Stapling for
                       supported setups (Apache version >= 2.3.3 ). (default:
                       False)
 --redirect            Automatically redirect all HTTP traffic to HTTPS for
                       the newly authenticated vhost. (default: redirect
                       enabled for install and run, disabled for enhance)
 --no-redirect         Do not automatically redirect all HTTP traffic to
                       HTTPS for the newly authenticated vhost. (default:
                       redirect enabled for install and run, disabled for
                       enhance)
 --hsts                Add the Strict-Transport-Security header to every HTTP
                       response. Forcing browser to always use SSL for the
                       domain. Defends against SSL Stripping. (default: None)
 --uir                 Add the "Content-Security-Policy: upgrade-insecure-
                       requests" header to every HTTP response. Forcing the
                       browser to use https:// for every http:// resource.
                       (default: None)
 --staple-ocsp         Enables OCSP Stapling. A valid OCSP response is
                       stapled to the certificate that the server offers
                       during TLS. (default: None)
 --strict-permissions  Require that all configuration files are owned by the
                       current user; only needed if your config is somewhere
                       unsafe like /tmp/ (default: False)
 --auto-hsts           Gradually increasing max-age value for HTTP Strict
                       Transport Security security header (default: False)

testing

 The following flags are meant for testing and integration purposes only.

 --test-cert, --staging
                       Use the staging server to obtain or revoke test
                       (invalid) certificates; equivalent to --server
                       https://acme-staging-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/directory
                       (default: False)
 --debug               Show tracebacks in case of errors (default: False)
 --no-verify-ssl       Disable verification of the ACME server's certificate.
                       (default: False)
 --http-01-port HTTP01_PORT
                       Port used in the http-01 challenge. This only affects
                       the port Certbot listens on. A conforming ACME server
                       will still attempt to connect on port 80. (default:
                       80)
 --http-01-address HTTP01_ADDRESS
                       The address the server listens to during http-01
                       challenge. (default: )
 --https-port HTTPS_PORT
                       Port used to serve HTTPS. This affects which port
                       Nginx will listen on after a LE certificate is
                       installed. (default: 443)
 --break-my-certs      Be willing to replace or renew valid certificates with
                       invalid (testing/staging) certificates (default:
                       False)

paths

 Flags for changing execution paths & servers

 --cert-path CERT_PATH
                       Path to where certificate is saved (with certonly
                       --csr), installed from, or revoked (default: None)
 --key-path KEY_PATH   Path to private key for certificate installation or
                       revocation (if account key is missing) (default: None)
 --fullchain-path FULLCHAIN_PATH
                       Accompanying path to a full certificate chain
                       (certificate plus chain). (default: None)
 --chain-path CHAIN_PATH
                       Accompanying path to a certificate chain. (default:
                       None)
 --config-dir CONFIG_DIR
                       Configuration directory. (default: /etc/letsencrypt)
 --work-dir WORK_DIR   Working directory. (default: /var/lib/letsencrypt)
 --logs-dir LOGS_DIR   Logs directory. (default: /var/log/letsencrypt)
 --server SERVER       ACME Directory Resource URI. (default:
                       https://acme-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/directory)

manage

 Various subcommands and flags are available for managing your
 certificates:

 certificates          List certificates managed by Certbot
 delete                Clean up all files related to a certificate
 renew                 Renew all certificates (or one specified with --cert-
                       name)
 revoke                Revoke a certificate specified with --cert-path or
                       --cert-name
 update_symlinks       Recreate symlinks in your /etc/letsencrypt/live/
                       directory

run

 Options for obtaining & installing certificates

certonly

 Options for modifying how a certificate is obtained

 --csr CSR             Path to a Certificate Signing Request (CSR) in DER or
                       PEM format. Currently --csr only works with the
                       'certonly' subcommand. (default: None)

renew

 The 'renew' subcommand will attempt to renew any certificates previously
 obtained if they are close to expiry, and print a summary of the results.
 By default, 'renew' will reuse the plugins and options used to obtain or
 most recently renew each certificate. You can test whether future renewals
 will succeed with `--dry-run`. Individual certificates can be renewed with
 the `--cert-name` option. Hooks are available to run commands before and
 after renewal; see https://certbot.eff.org/docs/using.html#renewal for
 more information on these.

 --pre-hook PRE_HOOK   Command to be run in a shell before obtaining any
                       certificates. Intended primarily for renewal, where it
                       can be used to temporarily shut down a webserver that
                       might conflict with the standalone plugin. This will
                       only be called if a certificate is actually to be
                       obtained/renewed. When renewing several certificates
                       that have identical pre-hooks, only the first will be
                       executed. (default: None)
 --post-hook POST_HOOK
                       Command to be run in a shell after attempting to
                       obtain/renew certificates. Can be used to deploy
                       renewed certificates, or to restart any servers that
                       were stopped by --pre-hook. This is only run if an
                       attempt was made to obtain/renew a certificate. If
                       multiple renewed certificates have identical post-
                       hooks, only one will be run. (default: None)
 --deploy-hook DEPLOY_HOOK
                       Command to be run in a shell once for each
                       successfully issued certificate. For this command, the
                       shell variable $RENEWED_LINEAGE will point to the
                       config live subdirectory (for example,
                       "/etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com") containing the
                       new certificates and keys; the shell variable
                       $RENEWED_DOMAINS will contain a space-delimited list
                       of renewed certificate domains (for example,
                       "example.com www.example.com" (default: None)
 --disable-hook-validation
                       Ordinarily the commands specified for --pre-
                       hook/--post-hook/--deploy-hook will be checked for
                       validity, to see if the programs being run are in the
                       $PATH, so that mistakes can be caught early, even when
                       the hooks aren't being run just yet. The validation is
                       rather simplistic and fails if you use more advanced
                       shell constructs, so you can use this switch to
                       disable it. (default: False)
 --no-directory-hooks  Disable running executables found in Certbot's hook
                       directories during renewal. (default: False)
 --disable-renew-updates
                       Disable automatic updates to your server configuration
                       that would otherwise be done by the selected installer
                       plugin, and triggered when the user executes "certbot
                       renew", regardless of if the certificate is renewed.
                       This setting does not apply to important TLS
                       configuration updates. (default: False)
 --no-autorenew        Disable auto renewal of certificates. (default: True)

certificates

 List certificates managed by Certbot

delete

 Options for deleting a certificate

revoke

 Options for revocation of certificates

 --reason {unspecified,keycompromise,affiliationchanged,superseded,cessationofoperation}
                       Specify reason for revoking certificate. (default:
                       unspecified)
 --delete-after-revoke
                       Delete certificates after revoking them, along with
                       all previous and later versions of those certificates.
                       (default: None)
 --no-delete-after-revoke
                       Do not delete certificates after revoking them. This
                       option should be used with caution because the 'renew'
                       subcommand will attempt to renew undeleted revoked
                       certificates. (default: None)

register

 Options for account registration

 --register-unsafely-without-email
                       Specifying this flag enables registering an account
                       with no email address. This is strongly discouraged,
                       because you will be unable to receive notice about
                       impending expiration or revocation of your
                       certificates or problems with your Certbot
                       installation that will lead to failure to renew.
                       (default: False)
 -m EMAIL, --email EMAIL
                       Email used for registration and recovery contact. Use
                       comma to register multiple emails, ex:
                       u1@example.com,u2@example.com. (default: Ask).
 --eff-email           Share your e-mail address with EFF (default: None)
 --no-eff-email        Don't share your e-mail address with EFF (default:
                       None)

update_account

 Options for account modification

unregister

 Options for account deactivation.

 --account ACCOUNT_ID  Account ID to use (default: None)

install

 Options for modifying how a certificate is deployed

rollback

 Options for rolling back server configuration changes

 --checkpoints N       Revert configuration N number of checkpoints.
                       (default: 1)

plugins

 Options for the "plugins" subcommand

 --init                Initialize plugins. (default: False)
 --prepare             Initialize and prepare plugins. (default: False)
 --authenticators      Limit to authenticator plugins only. (default: None)
 --installers          Limit to installer plugins only. (default: None)

update_symlinks

 Recreates certificate and key symlinks in /etc/letsencrypt/live, if you
 changed them by hand or edited a renewal configuration file

enhance

 Helps to harden the TLS configuration by adding security enhancements to
 already existing configuration.

show_account

 Options useful for the "show_account" subcommand:

plugins

 Plugin Selection: Certbot client supports an extensible plugins
 architecture. See 'certbot plugins' for a list of all installed plugins
 and their names. You can force a particular plugin by setting options
 provided below. Running --help <plugin_name> will list flags specific to
 that plugin.

 --configurator CONFIGURATOR
                       Name of the plugin that is both an authenticator and
                       an installer. Should not be used together with
                       --authenticator or --installer. (default: Ask)
 -a AUTHENTICATOR, --authenticator AUTHENTICATOR
                       Authenticator plugin name. (default: None)
 -i INSTALLER, --installer INSTALLER
                       Installer plugin name (also used to find domains).
                       (default: None)
 --apache              Obtain and install certificates using Apache (default:
                       False)
 --nginx               Obtain and install certificates using Nginx (default:
                       False)
 --standalone          Obtain certificates using a "standalone" webserver.
                       (default: False)
 --manual              Provide laborious manual instructions for obtaining a
                       certificate (default: False)
 --webroot             Obtain certificates by placing files in a webroot
                       directory. (default: False)
 --dns-cloudflare      Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are
                       using Cloudflare for DNS). (default: False)
 --dns-cloudxns        Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are
                       using CloudXNS for DNS). (default: False)
 --dns-digitalocean    Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are
                       using DigitalOcean for DNS). (default: False)
 --dns-dnsimple        Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are
                       using DNSimple for DNS). (default: False)
 --dns-dnsmadeeasy     Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are
                       using DNS Made Easy for DNS). (default: False)
 --dns-gehirn          Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are
                       using Gehirn Infrastructure Service for DNS).
                       (default: False)
 --dns-google          Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are
                       using Google Cloud DNS). (default: False)
 --dns-linode          Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are
                       using Linode for DNS). (default: False)
 --dns-luadns          Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are
                       using LuaDNS for DNS). (default: False)
 --dns-nsone           Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are
                       using NS1 for DNS). (default: False)
 --dns-ovh             Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are
                       using OVH for DNS). (default: False)
 --dns-rfc2136         Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are
                       using BIND for DNS). (default: False)
 --dns-route53         Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are
                       using Route53 for DNS). (default: False)
 --dns-sakuracloud     Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are
                       using Sakura Cloud for DNS). (default: False)

apache

 Apache Web Server plugin (Please note that the default values of the
 Apache plugin options change depending on the operating system Certbot is
 run on.)

 --apache-enmod APACHE_ENMOD
                       Path to the Apache 'a2enmod' binary (default: None)
 --apache-dismod APACHE_DISMOD
                       Path to the Apache 'a2dismod' binary (default: None)
 --apache-le-vhost-ext APACHE_LE_VHOST_EXT
                       SSL vhost configuration extension (default: -le-
                       ssl.conf)
 --apache-server-root APACHE_SERVER_ROOT
                       Apache server root directory (default: /etc/apache2)
 --apache-vhost-root APACHE_VHOST_ROOT
                       Apache server VirtualHost configuration root (default:
                       None)
 --apache-logs-root APACHE_LOGS_ROOT
                       Apache server logs directory (default:
                       /var/log/apache2)
 --apache-challenge-location APACHE_CHALLENGE_LOCATION
                       Directory path for challenge configuration (default:
                       /etc/apache2)
 --apache-handle-modules APACHE_HANDLE_MODULES
                       Let installer handle enabling required modules for you
                       (Only Ubuntu/Debian currently) (default: False)
 --apache-handle-sites APACHE_HANDLE_SITES
                       Let installer handle enabling sites for you (Only
                       Ubuntu/Debian currently) (default: False)
 --apache-ctl APACHE_CTL
                       Full path to Apache control script (default:
                       apache2ctl)
 --apache-bin APACHE_BIN
                       Full path to apache2/httpd binary (default: None)

dns-cloudflare

 Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are using Cloudflare
 for DNS).

 --dns-cloudflare-propagation-seconds DNS_CLOUDFLARE_PROPAGATION_SECONDS
                       The number of seconds to wait for DNS to propagate
                       before asking the ACME server to verify the DNS
                       record. (default: 10)
 --dns-cloudflare-credentials DNS_CLOUDFLARE_CREDENTIALS
                       Cloudflare credentials INI file. (default: None)

dns-cloudxns

 Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are using CloudXNS for
 DNS).

 --dns-cloudxns-propagation-seconds DNS_CLOUDXNS_PROPAGATION_SECONDS
                       The number of seconds to wait for DNS to propagate
                       before asking the ACME server to verify the DNS
                       record. (default: 30)
 --dns-cloudxns-credentials DNS_CLOUDXNS_CREDENTIALS
                       CloudXNS credentials INI file. (default: None)

dns-digitalocean

 Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are using DigitalOcean
 for DNS).

 --dns-digitalocean-propagation-seconds DNS_DIGITALOCEAN_PROPAGATION_SECONDS
                       The number of seconds to wait for DNS to propagate
                       before asking the ACME server to verify the DNS
                       record. (default: 10)
 --dns-digitalocean-credentials DNS_DIGITALOCEAN_CREDENTIALS
                       DigitalOcean credentials INI file. (default: None)

dns-dnsimple

 Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are using DNSimple for
 DNS).

 --dns-dnsimple-propagation-seconds DNS_DNSIMPLE_PROPAGATION_SECONDS
                       The number of seconds to wait for DNS to propagate
                       before asking the ACME server to verify the DNS
                       record. (default: 30)
 --dns-dnsimple-credentials DNS_DNSIMPLE_CREDENTIALS
                       DNSimple credentials INI file. (default: None)

dns-dnsmadeeasy

 Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are using DNS Made Easy
 for DNS).

 --dns-dnsmadeeasy-propagation-seconds DNS_DNSMADEEASY_PROPAGATION_SECONDS
                       The number of seconds to wait for DNS to propagate
                       before asking the ACME server to verify the DNS
                       record. (default: 60)
 --dns-dnsmadeeasy-credentials DNS_DNSMADEEASY_CREDENTIALS
                       DNS Made Easy credentials INI file. (default: None)

dns-gehirn

 Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are using Gehirn
 Infrastructure Service for DNS).

 --dns-gehirn-propagation-seconds DNS_GEHIRN_PROPAGATION_SECONDS
                       The number of seconds to wait for DNS to propagate
                       before asking the ACME server to verify the DNS
                       record. (default: 30)
 --dns-gehirn-credentials DNS_GEHIRN_CREDENTIALS
                       Gehirn Infrastructure Service credentials file.
                       (default: None)

dns-google

 Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are using Google Cloud
 DNS for DNS).

 --dns-google-propagation-seconds DNS_GOOGLE_PROPAGATION_SECONDS
                       The number of seconds to wait for DNS to propagate
                       before asking the ACME server to verify the DNS
                       record. (default: 60)
 --dns-google-credentials DNS_GOOGLE_CREDENTIALS
                       Path to Google Cloud DNS service account JSON file.
                       (See https://developers.google.com/identity/protocols/
                       OAuth2ServiceAccount#creatinganaccount forinformation
                       about creating a service account and
                       https://cloud.google.com/dns/access-
                       control#permissions_and_roles for information about
                       therequired permissions.) (default: None)

dns-linode

 Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are using Linode for
 DNS).

 --dns-linode-propagation-seconds DNS_LINODE_PROPAGATION_SECONDS
                       The number of seconds to wait for DNS to propagate
                       before asking the ACME server to verify the DNS
                       record. (default: 120)
 --dns-linode-credentials DNS_LINODE_CREDENTIALS
                       Linode credentials INI file. (default: None)

dns-luadns

 Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are using LuaDNS for
 DNS).

 --dns-luadns-propagation-seconds DNS_LUADNS_PROPAGATION_SECONDS
                       The number of seconds to wait for DNS to propagate
                       before asking the ACME server to verify the DNS
                       record. (default: 30)
 --dns-luadns-credentials DNS_LUADNS_CREDENTIALS
                       LuaDNS credentials INI file. (default: None)

dns-nsone

 Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are using NS1 for DNS).

 --dns-nsone-propagation-seconds DNS_NSONE_PROPAGATION_SECONDS
                       The number of seconds to wait for DNS to propagate
                       before asking the ACME server to verify the DNS
                       record. (default: 30)
 --dns-nsone-credentials DNS_NSONE_CREDENTIALS
                       NS1 credentials file. (default: None)

dns-ovh

 Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are using OVH for DNS).

 --dns-ovh-propagation-seconds DNS_OVH_PROPAGATION_SECONDS
                       The number of seconds to wait for DNS to propagate
                       before asking the ACME server to verify the DNS
                       record. (default: 30)
 --dns-ovh-credentials DNS_OVH_CREDENTIALS
                       OVH credentials INI file. (default: None)

dns-rfc2136

 Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are using BIND for
 DNS).

 --dns-rfc2136-propagation-seconds DNS_RFC2136_PROPAGATION_SECONDS
                       The number of seconds to wait for DNS to propagate
                       before asking the ACME server to verify the DNS
                       record. (default: 60)
 --dns-rfc2136-credentials DNS_RFC2136_CREDENTIALS
                       RFC 2136 credentials INI file. (default: None)

dns-route53

 Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are using AWS Route53
 for DNS).

 --dns-route53-propagation-seconds DNS_ROUTE53_PROPAGATION_SECONDS
                       The number of seconds to wait for DNS to propagate
                       before asking the ACME server to verify the DNS
                       record. (default: 10)

dns-sakuracloud

 Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are using Sakura Cloud
 for DNS).

 --dns-sakuracloud-propagation-seconds DNS_SAKURACLOUD_PROPAGATION_SECONDS
                       The number of seconds to wait for DNS to propagate
                       before asking the ACME server to verify the DNS
                       record. (default: 90)
 --dns-sakuracloud-credentials DNS_SAKURACLOUD_CREDENTIALS
                       Sakura Cloud credentials file. (default: None)

manual

 Authenticate through manual configuration or custom shell scripts. When
 using shell scripts, an authenticator script must be provided. The
 environment variables available to this script depend on the type of
 challenge. $CERTBOT_DOMAIN will always contain the domain being
 authenticated. For HTTP-01 and DNS-01, $CERTBOT_VALIDATION is the
 validation string, and $CERTBOT_TOKEN is the filename of the resource
 requested when performing an HTTP-01 challenge. An additional cleanup
 script can also be provided and can use the additional variable
 $CERTBOT_AUTH_OUTPUT which contains the stdout output from the auth
 script. For both authenticator and cleanup script, on HTTP-01 and DNS-01
 challenges, $CERTBOT_REMAINING_CHALLENGES will be equal to the number of
 challenges that remain after the current one, and $CERTBOT_ALL_DOMAINS
 contains a comma-separated list of all domains that are challenged for the
 current certificate.

 --manual-auth-hook MANUAL_AUTH_HOOK
                       Path or command to execute for the authentication
                       script (default: None)
 --manual-cleanup-hook MANUAL_CLEANUP_HOOK
                       Path or command to execute for the cleanup script
                       (default: None)

nginx

 Nginx Web Server plugin

 --nginx-server-root NGINX_SERVER_ROOT
                       Nginx server root directory. (default: /etc/nginx or
                       /usr/local/etc/nginx)
 --nginx-ctl NGINX_CTL
                       Path to the 'nginx' binary, used for 'configtest' and
                       retrieving nginx version number. (default: nginx)
 --nginx-sleep-seconds NGINX_SLEEP_SECONDS
                       Number of seconds to wait for nginx configuration
                       changes to apply when reloading. (default: 1)

null

 Null Installer

standalone

 Spin up a temporary webserver

webroot

 Place files in webroot directory

 --webroot-path WEBROOT_PATH, -w WEBROOT_PATH
                       public_html / webroot path. This can be specified
                       multiple times to handle different domains; each
                       domain will have the webroot path that preceded it.
                       For instance: `-w /var/www/example -d example.com -d
                       www.example.com -w /var/www/thing -d thing.net -d
                       m.thing.net` (default: Ask)
 --webroot-map WEBROOT_MAP
                       JSON dictionary mapping domains to webroot paths; this
                       implies -d for each entry. You may need to escape this
                       from your shell. E.g.: --webroot-map
                       '{"eg1.is,m.eg1.is":"/www/eg1/", "eg2.is":"/www/eg2"}'
                       This option is merged with, but takes precedence over,
                       -w / -d entries. At present, if you put webroot-map in
                       a config file, it needs to be on a single line, like:
                       webroot-map = {"example.com":"/var/www"}. (default:
                       {})

Sicherheit

Dokumentation

RFC

Man-Pages

Info-Pages

Siehe auch

Links

Projekt-Homepage

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise


Testfragen

Testfrage 1

Antwort1

Testfrage 2

Antwort2

Testfrage 3

Antwort3

Testfrage 4

Antwort4

Testfrage 5

Antwort5


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