Programm zum Festlegen und Anzeigen von Hardwareparametern für ATA-Festplattenlaufwerke und zum Testen der Leistung.

Hardwareparameter

u.a.

Laufwerks-Caches
Ruhemodus
Energieverwaltung
akustische Verwaltung
DMA-Einstellungen

Syntax

hdparm [options] [device ...]

Optionen

Zeichen	Beschreibung
-a	Abrufen / Festlegen der Sektoranzahl für das Vorauslesen des Dateisystems (Software). Wird verwendet, um die Leistung beim sequentiellen Lesen von großen Dateien zu verbessern, indem zusätzliche Blöcke vorab abgerufen werden.
-I	Ausgabe aller verfügbaren Informationen zu einem Datenträger
-d

Anwendung

Alle Informationen zu einem Datenträger anzeigen

# hdparm -I /dev/sda

/dev/sda:

ATA device, with non-removable media
        Model Number:       SAMSUNG HD103SJ                         
        Serial Number:      S246J1BZ401513      
        Firmware Revision:  1AJ10001
        Transport:          Serial, ATA8-AST, SATA 1.0a, SATA II Extensions, SATA Rev 2.5, SATA Rev 2.6
Standards:
        Used: unknown (minor revision code 0x0028) 
        Supported: 8 7 6 5 
        Likely used: 8
Configuration:
        Logical         max     current
        cylinders       16383   16383
        heads           16      16
        sectors/track   63      63
        --
        CHS current addressable sectors:    16514064
        LBA    user addressable sectors:   268435455
        LBA48  user addressable sectors:  1953525168
        Logical  Sector size:                   512 bytes
        Physical Sector size:                   512 bytes
        device size with M = 1024*1024:      953869 MBytes
        device size with M = 1000*1000:     1000204 MBytes (1000 GB)
        cache/buffer size  = unknown
        Form Factor: 3.5 inch
        Nominal Media Rotation Rate: 7200
Capabilities:
        LBA, IORDY(can be disabled)
        Queue depth: 32
        Standby timer values: spec'd by Standard, no device specific minimum
        R/W multiple sector transfer: Max = 16  Current = ?
        Advanced power management level: 254
        Recommended acoustic management value: 254, current value: 0
        DMA: mdma0 mdma1 mdma2 udma0 udma1 udma2 udma3 udma4 udma5 *udma6 
             Cycle time: min=120ns recommended=120ns
        PIO: pio0 pio1 pio2 pio3 pio4 
             Cycle time: no flow control=120ns  IORDY flow control=120ns
Commands/features:
        Enabled Supported:
           *    SMART feature set
                Security Mode feature set
           *    Power Management feature set
                Write cache
           *    Look-ahead
           *    Host Protected Area feature set
           *    WRITE_BUFFER command
           *    READ_BUFFER command
           *    NOP cmd
           *    DOWNLOAD_MICROCODE
           *    Advanced Power Management feature set
                Power-Up In Standby feature set
           *    SET_FEATURES required to spinup after power up
                SET_MAX security extension
                Automatic Acoustic Management feature set
           *    48-bit Address feature set
           *    Device Configuration Overlay feature set
           *    Mandatory FLUSH_CACHE
           *    FLUSH_CACHE_EXT
           *    SMART error logging
           *    SMART self-test
           *    General Purpose Logging feature set
           *    64-bit World wide name
           *    WRITE_UNCORRECTABLE_EXT command
           *    {READ,WRITE}_DMA_EXT_GPL commands
           *    Segmented DOWNLOAD_MICROCODE
           *    Gen1 signaling speed (1.5Gb/s)
           *    Gen2 signaling speed (3.0Gb/s)
           *    Native Command Queueing (NCQ)
           *    Host-initiated interface power management
           *    Phy event counters
           *    NCQ priority information
           *    DMA Setup Auto-Activate optimization
                Device-initiated interface power management
           *    Software settings preservation
           *    SMART Command Transport (SCT) feature set
           *    SCT Read/Write Long (AC1), obsolete
           *    SCT Write Same (AC2)
           *    SCT Error Recovery Control (AC3)
           *    SCT Features Control (AC4)
           *    SCT Data Tables (AC5)
Security: 
        Master password revision code = 65534
                supported
        not     enabled
        not     locked
        not     frozen
        not     expired: security count
                supported: enhanced erase
        152min for SECURITY ERASE UNIT. 152min for ENHANCED SECURITY ERASE UNIT.
Logical Unit WWN Device Identifier: 50024e9003545d50
        NAA             : 5
        IEEE OUI        : 0024e9
        Unique ID       : 003545d50
Checksum: correct

Einstellen, wann Datenträger nach Inaktivität auf Standby-Modus (auch Spindown) geht - 24 * 5 = 120 Sekunden

# hdparm -S 24 /dev/sda

/dev/sda:
 setting standby to 24 (2 minutes)

Lesegeschwindigkeit messen mit Cache

#hdparm -Tt /dev/sda

/dev/sda:
 Timing cached reads:   6962 MB in  2.00 seconds = 3482.67 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 358 MB in  3.01 seconds = 119.12 MB/sec

Lesegeschwindigkeit messen ohne Cache

# hdparm -Tt --direct /dev/sda

/dev/sda:
 Timing O_DIRECT cached reads:   498 MB in  2.00 seconds = 248.49 MB/sec
 Timing O_DIRECT disk reads: 360 MB in  3.01 seconds = 119.60 MB/sec

Quellen

https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man8/hdparm.8.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hdparm

https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hdparm

https://linuxwiki.de/hdparm

https://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/Festplatten-Geschwindigkeitstest/

https://askubuntu.com/questions/87035/how-to-check-hard-disk-performance