Smartctl
Kommandozeilentool zur Steuerung der SMART-Funktionen (Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology) von Datenträgern.
smartctl
- Ist Bestandteil der Smartmontools.
- Für zahlreiche Betriebssysteme verfügbar:
- Linux, FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD, Solaris, Windows
- Hier geht es um Linux.
Funktion
- Überwachung der Zuverlässigkeit von Datenträgern.
- Durchführung von Laufwerkstests.
- Es kann immer nur ein Test zur selben Zeit ausgeführt werden.
- Sonst
smartctl -t short /dev/sdd smartctl 6.6 2017-11-05 r4594 [x86_64-linux-4.19.0-10-amd64] (local build) Copyright (C) 2002-17, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org === START OF OFFLINE IMMEDIATE AND SELF-TEST SECTION === Can't start self-test without aborting current test (90% remaining), add '-t force' option to override, or run 'smartctl -X' to abort test.
Installation
#apt install smartmontools
Syntax
smartctl [options] device
- Pfad zum Befehl
- /usr/sbin/smartctl
Optionen
| Option | Erklärung |
|---|---|
| -i | Ist S.M.A.R.T. verfügbar? |
| -h | Übersicht (aller) Optionen. |
| -s on | S.M.A.R.T. wird aktiviert. |
| -a | Zusammenfassende Ausgabe aller Festplatteninformationen und Testergebnisse. |
| -A | Werte aller Attribute. |
| -H | Abfrage Gesundheitszustand. |
| -c | Anzeige Testmöglichkeiten / dafür benötigte Zeit / Anzeige momentaner Testfortschritt. |
| -S on | Autom. Speichern d. Einstellungen. |
| -t long | Startet langen selftest (Oberflächenanalyse). |
| -t short | Startet kurzen selftest. Dauert mind. 1 Minute. Endzeit angegeben. |
| -t offline | Startet sofort Offline Tests (Anzeige mit -l error oder -a) |
| -l selftest | kleines L - Zeigt Log aller durchgeführten Selbsttests |
| -X | Test abbrechen |
| -l error | kleines L - Ausgabe Fehlermeldungen |
- Für mehr Information siehe manpage smartctl.
Anwendung
Kurztest durchführen
# smartctl -t short /dev/sdb smartctl 6.6 2017-11-05 r4594 [x86_64-linux-4.19.0-9-amd64] (local build) Copyright (C) 2002-17, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org === START OF OFFLINE IMMEDIATE AND SELF-TEST SECTION === Sending command: "Execute SMART Short self-test routine immediately in off-line mode". Drive command "Execute SMART Short self-test routine immediately in off-line mode" successful. Testing has begun. Please wait 1 minutes for test to complete. Test will complete after Tue Jul 28 11:58:53 2020 Use smartctl -X to abort test.
Ergebnisanzeige vom letzten Kurztest
# smartctl -l selftest /dev/sdb smartctl 6.6 2017-11-05 r4594 [x86_64-linux-4.19.0-9-amd64] (local build) Copyright (C) 2002-17, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION === SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1 Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error # 1 Short offline Completed without error 00% 11116 - # 2 Short offline Completed without error 00% 11115 - # 3 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 11027 - # 4 Short offline Completed without error 00% 11022 - # 5 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 9272 - # 6 Short offline Completed without error 00% 4272 - # 7 Short offline Completed without error 00% 238 -
Starten eines langen selftests (Oberflächenanalyse)
# smartctl -t long /dev/sda smartctl 6.6 2017-11-05 r4594 [x86_64-linux-4.19.0-9-amd64] (local build) Copyright (C) 2002-17, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org === START OF OFFLINE IMMEDIATE AND SELF-TEST SECTION === Sending command: "Execute SMART Extended self-test routine immediately in off-line mode". Drive command "Execute SMART Extended self-test routine immediately in off-line mode" successful. Testing has begun. Please wait 158 minutes for test to complete. Test will complete after Tue Jul 28 14:29:30 2020 Use smartctl -X to abort test.
Anzeige der Testmöglichkeiten, benötigte Zeit und momentaner Testfortschritt
# smartctl -c /dev/sda
smartctl 6.6 2017-11-05 r4594 [x86_64-linux-4.19.0-9-amd64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-17, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x80) Offline data collection activity
was never started.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 246) Self-test routine in progress...
60% of test remaining.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 9480) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x5b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
No Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: (158) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x003f) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
- Self-test routine in progress...: Momentan wird ein selftest durchgeführt.
- 60% of test remaining.: 40% des Tests bereits erledigt, 60% stehen noch aus.
- No Conveyance Self-test supported.: Bei diesem Datenträger (sda) kann kein Conveyance Self-test durchgeführt werden.
- Short self-test routine recommended polling time: (2) minutes.: Short self-test würde 2min dauern.
- Extended self-test routine recommended polling time: (158) minutes.: Long self-test würde 158min dauern.
weiterführende Artikel
Quellen
https://www.smartmontools.org/
https://www.thomas-krenn.com/de/wiki/Smartctl
https://www.thomas-krenn.com/de/wiki/SMART_Tests_mit_smartctl