ISPConfig/Installation/Basis: Unterschied zwischen den Versionen
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* This setup covers Apache (instead of nginx), BIND, and Dovecot. | * This setup covers Apache (instead of nginx), BIND, and Dovecot. | ||
== | == Preliminary Note == | ||
In this tutorial, I will use the hostname server1.e | In this tutorial, I will use the hostname server1.e | ||
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'''IMPORTANT''': You must use 'su -' and not just 'su', otherwise your PATH variable is set wrong by Debian. | '''IMPORTANT''': You must use 'su -' and not just 'su', otherwise your PATH variable is set wrong by Debian. | ||
== | == Install the SSH server (Optional) == | ||
If you did not install the OpenSSH server during the system installation, you can do it now: | If you did not install the OpenSSH server during the system installation, you can do it now: | ||
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From now on you can use an SSH client such as [http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/%7Esgtatham/putty/download.html PuTTY] and connect from your workstation to your Debian 9 server and follow the remaining steps from this tutorial. | From now on you can use an SSH client such as [http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/%7Esgtatham/putty/download.html PuTTY] and connect from your workstation to your Debian 9 server and follow the remaining steps from this tutorial. | ||
== | == Install a shell text editor (Optional) == | ||
We will use nano text editor in this tutorial. Some users prefer the classic vi editor, therefore we will install both editors here. The default vi program has some strange behavior on Debian and Ubuntu; to fix this, we install vim-nox: | We will use nano text editor in this tutorial. Some users prefer the classic vi editor, therefore we will install both editors here. The default vi program has some strange behavior on Debian and Ubuntu; to fix this, we install vim-nox: | ||
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If vi is your favorite editor, then replace nano with vi in the following commands to edit files. | If vi is your favorite editor, then replace nano with vi in the following commands to edit files. | ||
== | == Configure the Hostname == | ||
The hostname of your server should be a subdomain like "server1.example.com". Do not use a domain name without subdomain part like "example.com" as hostname as this will cause problems later with your mail setup. First, you should check the hostname in /etc/hosts and change it when necessary. The line should be: "IP Address - space - full hostname incl. domain - space - subdomain part". For our hostname server1.example.com, the file shall look like this: | The hostname of your server should be a subdomain like "server1.example.com". Do not use a domain name without subdomain part like "example.com" as hostname as this will cause problems later with your mail setup. First, you should check the hostname in /etc/hosts and change it when necessary. The line should be: "IP Address - space - full hostname incl. domain - space - subdomain part". For our hostname server1.example.com, the file shall look like this: | ||
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server1.example.com | server1.example.com | ||
== | == Update your Debian Installation == | ||
First, make sure that your /etc/apt/sources.list contains the buster/updates repository (this makes sure you always get the newest security updates), and that the contrib and non-free repositories are enabled as some required packages are not in the main repository. | First, make sure that your /etc/apt/sources.list contains the buster/updates repository (this makes sure you always get the newest security updates), and that the contrib and non-free repositories are enabled as some required packages are not in the main repository. | ||
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and to install the latest updates (if there are any). | and to install the latest updates (if there are any). | ||
== | == Change the Default Shell == | ||
/bin/sh is a symlink to /bin/dash, however we need /bin/bash, not /bin/dash. Therefore, we do this: | /bin/sh is a symlink to /bin/dash, however we need /bin/bash, not /bin/dash. Therefore, we do this: | ||
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If you don't do this, the ISPConfig installation will fail. | If you don't do this, the ISPConfig installation will fail. | ||
== | == Synchronize the System Clock == | ||
It is a good idea to synchronize the system clock with an NTP ('''n'''etwork '''t'''ime '''p'''rotocol) server over the Internet. Simply run | It is a good idea to synchronize the system clock with an NTP ('''n'''etwork '''t'''ime '''p'''rotocol) server over the Internet. Simply run | ||
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and your system time will always be in sync. | and your system time will always be in sync. | ||
== | == Install Postfix, Dovecot, MariaDB, rkhunter, and Binutils == | ||
We can install Postfix, Dovecot, MariaDB as MySQL alternative, rkhunter, and Binutils with a single command: | We can install Postfix, Dovecot, MariaDB as MySQL alternative, rkhunter, and Binutils with a single command: | ||
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password = howtoforge | password = howtoforge | ||
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock | socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock | ||
[mysql_upgrade] | [mysql_upgrade] | ||
host = localhost | host = localhost | ||
user = root | user = root | ||
password = howtoforge | password = howtoforge | ||
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock | socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock | ||
basedir = /usr | basedir = /usr | ||
To prevent the error ''''''Error in accept: Too many open files'''''' we will set higher open file limits for MariaDB now. | To prevent the error ''''''Error in accept: Too many open files'''''' we will set higher open file limits for MariaDB now. | ||
Open the file /etc/security/limits.conf with an editor: | Open the file /etc/security/limits.conf with an editor: | ||
nano /etc/security/limits.conf | |||
nano /etc/security/limits.conf | |||
and add these lines at the end of the file. | and add these lines at the end of the file. | ||
mysql soft nofile 65535 | |||
mysql soft nofile 65535 | mysql hard nofile 65535 | ||
mysql hard nofile 65535 | |||
Next, create a new directory /etc/systemd/system/mysql.service.d/ with the mkdir command. | Next, create a new directory /etc/systemd/system/mysql.service.d/ with the mkdir command. | ||
mkdir -p /etc/systemd/system/mysql.service.d/ | mkdir -p /etc/systemd/system/mysql.service.d/ | ||
and add a new file inside: | and add a new file inside: | ||
nano /etc/systemd/system/mysql.service.d/limits.conf | nano /etc/systemd/system/mysql.service.d/limits.conf | ||
paste the following lines into that file: | paste the following lines into that file: | ||
[Service] | [Service] | ||
LimitNOFILE=infinity | LimitNOFILE=infinity | ||
Save the file and close the nano editor. | Save the file and close the nano editor. | ||
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Then we reload systemd and restart MariaDB: | Then we reload systemd and restart MariaDB: | ||
systemctl daemon-reload | systemctl daemon-reload | ||
systemctl restart mariadb | systemctl restart mariadb | ||
Now check that networking is enabled. Run | Now check that networking is enabled. Run | ||
netstat -tap | grep mysql | netstat -tap | grep mysql | ||
The output should look like this: | The output should look like this: | ||
root@server1:/home/administrator# netstat -tap | grep mysql | root@server1:/home/administrator# netstat -tap | grep mysql | ||
tcp6 0 0 [::]:mysql [::]:* LISTEN 16623/mysqld | tcp6 0 0 [::]:mysql [::]:* LISTEN 16623/mysqld | ||
== | == Install Amavisd-new, SpamAssassin, and ClamAV == | ||
To install amavisd-new, SpamAssassin and ClamAV, we run | To install amavisd-new, SpamAssassin and ClamAV, we run | ||
apt-get install amavisd-new spamassassin clamav clamav-daemon unzip bzip2 arj nomarch lzop cabextract p7zip p7zip-full unrar lrzip apt-listchanges libnet-ldap-perl libauthen-sasl-perl clamav-docs daemon libio-string-perl libio-socket-ssl-perl libnet-ident-perl zip libnet-dns-perl libdbd-mysql-perl postgrey | apt-get install amavisd-new spamassassin clamav clamav-daemon unzip bzip2 arj nomarch lzop cabextract p7zip p7zip-full unrar lrzip apt-listchanges libnet-ldap-perl libauthen-sasl-perl clamav-docs daemon libio-string-perl libio-socket-ssl-perl libnet-ident-perl zip libnet-dns-perl libdbd-mysql-perl postgrey | ||
The ISPConfig 3 setup uses amavisd which loads the SpamAssassin filter library internally, so we can stop SpamAssassin to free up some RAM: | The ISPConfig 3 setup uses amavisd which loads the SpamAssassin filter library internally, so we can stop SpamAssassin to free up some RAM: | ||
systemctl stop spamassassin | systemctl stop spamassassin | ||
systemctl disable spamassassin | systemctl disable spamassassin | ||
== | == Install Apache Web Server and PHP == | ||
Apache2, PHP, FCGI, suExec, Pear, and mcrypt can be installed as follows: | Apache2, PHP, FCGI, suExec, Pear, and mcrypt can be installed as follows: | ||
apt-get -y install apache2 apache2-doc apache2-utils libapache2-mod-php php7.3 php7.3-common php7.3-gd php7.3-mysql php7.3-imap php7.3-cli php7.3-cgi libapache2-mod-fcgid apache2-suexec-pristine php-pear mcrypt imagemagick libruby libapache2-mod-python php7.3-curl php7.3-intl php7.3-pspell php7.3-recode php7.3-sqlite3 php7.3-tidy php7.3-xmlrpc php7.3-xsl memcached php-memcache php-imagick php-gettext php7.3-zip php7.3-mbstring memcached libapache2-mod-passenger php7.3-soap php7.3-fpm php7.3-opcache php-apcu | apt-get -y install apache2 apache2-doc apache2-utils libapache2-mod-php php7.3 php7.3-common php7.3-gd php7.3-mysql php7.3-imap php7.3-cli php7.3-cgi libapache2-mod-fcgid apache2-suexec-pristine php-pear mcrypt imagemagick libruby libapache2-mod-python php7.3-curl php7.3-intl php7.3-pspell php7.3-recode php7.3-sqlite3 php7.3-tidy php7.3-xmlrpc php7.3-xsl memcached php-memcache php-imagick php-gettext php7.3-zip php7.3-mbstring memcached libapache2-mod-passenger php7.3-soap php7.3-fpm php7.3-opcache php-apcu | ||
Then run the following command to enable the Apache modules suexec, rewrite, ssl, actions, and include (plus dav, dav_fs, and auth_digest if you want to use WebDAV): | Then run the following command to enable the Apache modules suexec, rewrite, ssl, actions, and include (plus dav, dav_fs, and auth_digest if you want to use WebDAV): | ||
a2enmod suexec rewrite ssl actions include dav_fs dav auth_digest cgi headers actions proxy_fcgi alias | # a2enmod suexec rewrite ssl actions include dav_fs dav auth_digest cgi headers actions proxy_fcgi alias | ||
To ensure that the server cannot be attacked through the [https://www.howtoforge.com/tutorial/httpoxy-protect-your-server/ HTTPOXY vulnerability], we will disable the HTTP_PROXY header in apache globally by adding the configuration file /etc/apache2/conf-available/httpoxy.conf. | To ensure that the server cannot be attacked through the [https://www.howtoforge.com/tutorial/httpoxy-protect-your-server/ HTTPOXY vulnerability], we will disable the HTTP_PROXY header in apache globally by adding the configuration file /etc/apache2/conf-available/httpoxy.conf. | ||
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'''''Note:''' The vulnerability is named httpoxy (without 'r') and therefore the file where we add the config to prevent it is named httpoxy.conf and not httproxy.conf, so there is no 'r' missing in the filename.'' | '''''Note:''' The vulnerability is named httpoxy (without 'r') and therefore the file where we add the config to prevent it is named httpoxy.conf and not httproxy.conf, so there is no 'r' missing in the filename.'' | ||
nano /etc/apache2/conf-available/httpoxy.conf | nano /etc/apache2/conf-available/httpoxy.conf | ||
Paste the following content to the file: | Paste the following content to the file: | ||
<IfModule mod_headers.c> | |||
<IfModule mod_headers.c> | RequestHeader unset Proxy early | ||
</IfModule> | |||
</IfModule> | |||
And enable the module by running: | And enable the module by running: | ||
a2enconf httpoxy | a2enconf httpoxy | ||
systemctl restart apache2 | systemctl restart apache2 | ||
== | == Install Let's Encrypt == | ||
ISPConfig 3.1 has support for the free SSL Certificate authority Let's encrypt. The Let's Encrypt function allows you to create free SSL certificates for your website from within ISPConfig. | ISPConfig 3.1 has support for the free SSL Certificate authority Let's encrypt. The Let's Encrypt function allows you to create free SSL certificates for your website from within ISPConfig. | ||
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Now we will add support for Let's encrypt. | Now we will add support for Let's encrypt. | ||
cd /usr/local/bin | cd /usr/local/bin | ||
wget https://dl.eff.org/certbot-auto | wget https://dl.eff.org/certbot-auto | ||
chmod a+x certbot-auto | chmod a+x certbot-auto | ||
./certbot-auto --install-only | ./certbot-auto --install-only | ||
There are no further steps required than installing LE. The website SSL certificates are created by ISPConfig when you add the web sites. | There are no further steps required than installing LE. The website SSL certificates are created by ISPConfig when you add the web sites. | ||
== | == Install Mailman == | ||
ISPConfig allows you to manage (create/modify/delete) Mailman mailing lists. If you want to make use of this feature, install Mailman as follows: | ISPConfig allows you to manage (create/modify/delete) Mailman mailing lists. If you want to make use of this feature, install Mailman as follows: | ||
apt-get install mailman | apt-get install mailman | ||
Select at least one language, e.g.: | Select at least one language, e.g.: | ||
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Before we can start Mailman, a first mailing list called mailman must be created: | Before we can start Mailman, a first mailing list called mailman must be created: | ||
newlist mailman | newlist mailman | ||
root@server1:~# newlist mailman | root@server1:~# newlist mailman | ||
Enter the email of the person running the list: <-- admin email address, e.g. listadmin@example.com | Enter the email of the person running the list: <-- admin email address, e.g. listadmin@example.com | ||
Initial mailman password: <-- admin password for the mailman list | Initial mailman password: <-- admin password for the mailman list | ||
To finish creating your mailing list, you must edit your /etc/aliases (or | To finish creating your mailing list, you must edit your /etc/aliases (or | ||
equivalent) file by adding the following lines, and possibly running the | equivalent) file by adding the following lines, and possibly running the | ||
`newaliases' program: | `newaliases' program: | ||
<nowiki>## mailman mailing list</nowiki> | <nowiki>## mailman mailing list</nowiki> | ||
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Hit enter to notify mailman owner... <-- ENTER | Hit enter to notify mailman owner... <-- ENTER | ||
root@server1:~# | root@server1:~# | ||
Open /etc/aliases afterwards... | Open /etc/aliases afterwards... | ||
nano /etc/aliases | nano /etc/aliases | ||
... and add the following lines: | ... and add the following lines: | ||
[...] | [...] | ||
<nowiki>## mailman mailing list</nowiki> | <nowiki>## mailman mailing list</nowiki> | ||
mailman: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman post mailman" | mailman: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman post mailman" | ||
mailman-admin: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman admin mailman" | mailman-admin: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman admin mailman" | ||
mailman-bounces: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman bounces mailman" | mailman-bounces: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman bounces mailman" | ||
mailman-confirm: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman confirm mailman" | mailman-confirm: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman confirm mailman" | ||
mailman-join: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman join mailman" | mailman-join: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman join mailman" | ||
mailman-leave: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman leave mailman" | mailman-leave: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman leave mailman" | ||
mailman-owner: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman owner mailman" | mailman-owner: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman owner mailman" | ||
mailman-request: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman request mailman" | mailman-request: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman request mailman" | ||
mailman-subscribe: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman subscribe mailman" | mailman-subscribe: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman subscribe mailman" | ||
mailman-unsubscribe: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman unsubscribe mailman" | mailman-unsubscribe: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman unsubscribe mailman" | ||
Run: | Run: | ||
newaliases | newaliases | ||
and restart Postfix: | and restart Postfix: | ||
systemctl restart postfix | systemctl restart postfix | ||
Finally, we must enable the Mailman Apache configuration: | Finally, we must enable the Mailman Apache configuration: | ||
ln -s /etc/mailman/apache.conf /etc/apache2/conf-enabled/mailman.conf | ln -s /etc/mailman/apache.conf /etc/apache2/conf-enabled/mailman.conf | ||
This defines the alias /cgi-bin/mailman/ for all Apache vhosts, which means you can access the Mailman admin interface for a list at http://server1.example.com/cgi-bin/mailman/admin/, and the web page for users of a mailing list can be found at http://server1.example.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/. | This defines the alias /cgi-bin/mailman/ for all Apache vhosts, which means you can access the Mailman admin interface for a list at http://server1.example.com/cgi-bin/mailman/admin/, and the web page for users of a mailing list can be found at http://server1.example.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/. | ||
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Restart Apache afterwards: | Restart Apache afterwards: | ||
systemctl restart apache2 | systemctl restart apache2 | ||
Then start the Mailman daemon: | Then start the Mailman daemon: | ||
systemctl restart mailman | systemctl restart mailman | ||
== | == Install PureFTPd and Quota == | ||
PureFTPd and quota can be installed with the following command: | PureFTPd and quota can be installed with the following command: | ||
apt-get install pure-ftpd-common pure-ftpd-mysql quota quotatool | apt-get install pure-ftpd-common pure-ftpd-mysql quota quotatool | ||
Create the dhparam file for pure-ftpd: | Create the dhparam file for pure-ftpd: | ||
openssl dhparam -out /etc/ssl/private/pure-ftpd-dhparams.pem 2048 | openssl dhparam -out /etc/ssl/private/pure-ftpd-dhparams.pem 2048 | ||
Edit the file /etc/default/pure-ftpd-common... | Edit the file /etc/default/pure-ftpd-common... | ||
nano /etc/default/pure-ftpd-common | nano /etc/default/pure-ftpd-common | ||
... and make sure that the start mode is set to standalone and set VIRTUALCHROOT=true: | ... and make sure that the start mode is set to standalone and set VIRTUALCHROOT=true: | ||
[...] | [...] | ||
STANDALONE_OR_INETD=standalone | STANDALONE_OR_INETD=standalone | ||
[...] | [...] | ||
VIRTUALCHROOT=true | VIRTUALCHROOT=true | ||
[...] | [...] | ||
Now we configure PureFTPd to allow FTP and TLS sessions. FTP is a very insecure protocol because all passwords and all data are transferred in clear text. By using TLS, the whole communication can be encrypted, thus making FTP much more secure. | Now we configure PureFTPd to allow FTP and TLS sessions. FTP is a very insecure protocol because all passwords and all data are transferred in clear text. By using TLS, the whole communication can be encrypted, thus making FTP much more secure. | ||
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If you want to allow FTP and TLS sessions, run | If you want to allow FTP and TLS sessions, run | ||
echo 1 > /etc/pure-ftpd/conf/TLS | echo 1 > /etc/pure-ftpd/conf/TLS | ||
In order to use TLS, we must create an SSL certificate. I create it in /etc/ssl/private/, therefore I create that directory first: | In order to use TLS, we must create an SSL certificate. I create it in /etc/ssl/private/, therefore I create that directory first: | ||
mkdir -p /etc/ssl/private/ | mkdir -p /etc/ssl/private/ | ||
Afterwards, we can generate the SSL certificate as follows: | Afterwards, we can generate the SSL certificate as follows: | ||
openssl req -x509 -nodes -days 7300 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout /etc/ssl/private/pure-ftpd.pem -out /etc/ssl/private/pure-ftpd.pem | openssl req -x509 -nodes -days 7300 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout /etc/ssl/private/pure-ftpd.pem -out /etc/ssl/private/pure-ftpd.pem | ||
Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]: <-- Enter your Country Name (e.g., "DE"). | Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]: <-- Enter your Country Name (e.g., "DE"). | ||
State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]: <-- Enter your State or Province Name. | State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]: <-- Enter your State or Province Name. | ||
Locality Name (eg, city) []: <-- Enter your City. | Locality Name (eg, city) []: <-- Enter your City. | ||
Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]: <-- Enter your Organization Name (e.g., the name of your company). | Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]: <-- Enter your Organization Name (e.g., the name of your company). | ||
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []: <-- Enter your Organizational Unit Name (e.g. "IT Department"). | Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []: <-- Enter your Organizational Unit Name (e.g. "IT Department"). | ||
Common Name (eg, YOUR name) []: <-- Enter the Fully Qualified Domain Name of the system (e.g. "server1.example.com"). | Common Name (eg, YOUR name) []: <-- Enter the Fully Qualified Domain Name of the system (e.g. "server1.example.com"). | ||
Email Address []: <-- Enter your Email Address. | Email Address []: <-- Enter your Email Address. | ||
Change the permissions of the SSL certificate: | Change the permissions of the SSL certificate: | ||
chmod 600 /etc/ssl/private/pure-ftpd.pem | chmod 600 /etc/ssl/private/pure-ftpd.pem | ||
Then restart PureFTPd: | Then restart PureFTPd: | ||
systemctl restart pure-ftpd-mysql | systemctl restart pure-ftpd-mysql | ||
Edit /etc/fstab. Mine looks like this (I added ,usrjquota=quota.user,grpjquota=quota.group,jqfmt=vfsv0 to the partition with the mount point /): | Edit /etc/fstab. Mine looks like this (I added ,usrjquota=quota.user,grpjquota=quota.group,jqfmt=vfsv0 to the partition with the mount point /): | ||
nano /etc/fstab | nano /etc/fstab | ||
<nowiki># /etc/fstab: static file system information.</nowiki> | <nowiki># /etc/fstab: static file system information.</nowiki> | ||
<nowiki>#</nowiki> | <nowiki>#</nowiki> | ||
<nowiki># Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a</nowiki> | <nowiki># Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a</nowiki> | ||
<nowiki># device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices</nowiki> | <nowiki># device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices</nowiki> | ||
<nowiki># that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).</nowiki> | <nowiki># that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).</nowiki> | ||
<nowiki>#</nowiki> | <nowiki>#</nowiki> | ||
<nowiki># <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass></nowiki> | <nowiki># <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass></nowiki> | ||
<nowiki># / was on /dev/sda1 during installation</nowiki> | <nowiki># / was on /dev/sda1 during installation</nowiki> | ||
UUID=45576b38-39e8-4994-b8c1-ea4870e2e614 / ext4 errors=remount-ro,usrjquota=quota.user,grpjquota=quota.group,jqfmt=vfsv0 0 1 | UUID=45576b38-39e8-4994-b8c1-ea4870e2e614 / ext4 errors=remount-ro,usrjquota=quota.user,grpjquota=quota.group,jqfmt=vfsv0 0 1 | ||
<nowiki># swap was on /dev/sda5 during installation</nowiki> | <nowiki># swap was on /dev/sda5 during installation</nowiki> | ||
UUID=8bea0d1e-ec37-4b20-9976-4b7daaa3eb69 none swap sw 0 0 | UUID=8bea0d1e-ec37-4b20-9976-4b7daaa3eb69 none swap sw 0 0 | ||
/dev/sr0 /media/cdrom0 udf,iso9660 user,noauto 0 0 | /dev/sr0 /media/cdrom0 udf,iso9660 user,noauto 0 0 | ||
To enable quota, run these commands: | To enable quota, run these commands: | ||
mount -o remount / | mount -o remount / | ||
quotacheck -avugm | quotacheck -avugm | ||
quotaon -avug | quotaon -avug | ||
== | == Install BIND DNS Server == | ||
BIND can be installed as follows: | BIND can be installed as follows: | ||
apt-get install bind9 dnsutils | apt-get install bind9 dnsutils | ||
If your server is a virtual machine, then it is highly recommended to install the haveged daemon to get a higher entropy for DNSSEC signing. You can install haveged on nonvirtual servers as well, it should not hurt. | |||
apt-get install haveged | apt-get install haveged | ||
An explanation on that topic can be found [https://git.ispconfig.org/ispconfig/ispconfig3/merge_requests/313#note_54975 here]. | An explanation on that topic can be found [https://git.ispconfig.org/ispconfig/ispconfig3/merge_requests/313#note_54975 here]. | ||
== | == Install Webalizer and AWStats == | ||
Webalizer and AWStats can be installed as follows: | Webalizer and AWStats can be installed as follows: | ||
apt-get install webalizer awstats geoip-database libclass-dbi-mysql-perl libtimedate-perl | apt-get install webalizer awstats geoip-database libclass-dbi-mysql-perl libtimedate-perl | ||
Open /etc/cron.d/awstats afterwards... | Open /etc/cron.d/awstats afterwards... | ||
nano /etc/cron.d/awstats | nano /etc/cron.d/awstats | ||
... and comment out everything in that file: | ... and comment out everything in that file: | ||
<nowiki>#MAILTO=root</nowiki> | <nowiki>#MAILTO=root</nowiki> | ||
<nowiki>#*/10 * * * * www-data [ -x /usr/share/awstats/tools/update.sh ] && /usr/share/awstats/tools/update.sh</nowiki> | |||
<nowiki>#*/10 * * * * www-data [ -x /usr/share/awstats/tools/update.sh ] && /usr/share/awstats/tools/update.sh</nowiki> | <nowiki># Generate static reports:</nowiki> | ||
<nowiki>#10 03 * * * www-data [ -x /usr/share/awstats/tools/buildstatic.sh ] && /usr/share/awstats/tools/buildstatic.sh</nowiki> | |||
<nowiki># Generate static reports:</nowiki> | |||
<nowiki>#10 03 * * * www-data [ -x /usr/share/awstats/tools/buildstatic.sh ] && /usr/share/awstats/tools/buildstatic.sh</nowiki> | |||
== | == Install Jailkit == | ||
Jailkit is needed only if you want to chroot SSH users. It can be installed as follows: | Jailkit is needed only if you want to chroot SSH users. It can be installed as follows: | ||
apt-get install build-essential autoconf automake libtool flex bison debhelper binutils | apt-get install build-essential autoconf automake libtool flex bison debhelper binutils | ||
cd /tmp | cd /tmp | ||
wget http://olivier.sessink.nl/jailkit/jailkit-2.20.tar.gz | wget http://olivier.sessink.nl/jailkit/jailkit-2.20.tar.gz | ||
tar xvfz jailkit-2.20.tar.gz | tar xvfz jailkit-2.20.tar.gz | ||
cd jailkit-2.20 | cd jailkit-2.20 | ||
echo 5 > debian/compat | echo 5 > debian/compat | ||
./debian/rules binary | ./debian/rules binary | ||
You can now install the Jailkit .deb package as follows: | You can now install the Jailkit .deb package as follows: | ||
cd .. | cd .. | ||
dpkg -i jailkit_2.20-1_*.deb | dpkg -i jailkit_2.20-1_*.deb | ||
rm -rf jailkit-2.20* | rm -rf jailkit-2.20* | ||
== | == Install fail2ban and UFW Firewall == | ||
This is optional but recommended, because the ISPConfig monitor tries to show the log: | This is optional but recommended, because the ISPConfig monitor tries to show the log: | ||
apt-get install fail2ban | apt-get install fail2ban | ||
To make fail2ban monitor PureFTPd and Dovecot, create the file /etc/fail2ban/jail.local: | To make fail2ban monitor PureFTPd and Dovecot, create the file /etc/fail2ban/jail.local: | ||
nano /etc/fail2ban/jail.local | nano /etc/fail2ban/jail.local | ||
And add the following configuration to it. | And add the following configuration to it. | ||
[pure-ftpd] | [pure-ftpd] | ||
enabled = true | enabled = true | ||
port = ftp | port = ftp | ||
filter = pure-ftpd | filter = pure-ftpd | ||
logpath = /var/log/syslog | logpath = /var/log/syslog | ||
maxretry = 3 | maxretry = 3 | ||
[dovecot] | [dovecot] | ||
enabled = true | enabled = true | ||
filter = dovecot | filter = dovecot | ||
logpath = /var/log/mail.log | logpath = /var/log/mail.log | ||
maxretry = 5 | maxretry = 5 | ||
[postfix-sasl] | [postfix-sasl] | ||
enabled = true | enabled = true | ||
port = smtp | port = smtp | ||
filter = postfix[mode=auth] | filter = postfix[mode=auth] | ||
logpath = /var/log/mail.log | logpath = /var/log/mail.log | ||
maxretry = 3 | maxretry = 3 | ||
Restart fail2ban afterwards: | Restart fail2ban afterwards: | ||
systemctl restart fail2ban | systemctl restart fail2ban | ||
To install the UFW firewall, run this apt command: | To install the UFW firewall, run this apt command: | ||
apt-get install ufw | apt-get install ufw | ||
== | == Install PHPMyAdmin Database Administration Tool == | ||
Since Debian 10, PHPMyAdmin is not available as .deb package anymore. Therefore we will install it from source. | Since Debian 10, PHPMyAdmin is not available as .deb package anymore. Therefore we will install it from source. | ||
| Zeile 540: | Zeile 534: | ||
Create folders for PHPMyadmin: | Create folders for PHPMyadmin: | ||
mkdir /usr/share/phpmyadmin | mkdir /usr/share/phpmyadmin | ||
mkdir /etc/phpmyadmin | mkdir /etc/phpmyadmin | ||
mkdir -p /var/lib/phpmyadmin/tmp | mkdir -p /var/lib/phpmyadmin/tmp | ||
chown -R www-data:www-data /var/lib/phpmyadmin | chown -R www-data:www-data /var/lib/phpmyadmin | ||
touch /etc/phpmyadmin/htpasswd.setup | touch /etc/phpmyadmin/htpasswd.setup | ||
Go to the /tmp directory and download the PHPMyAdmin sources: | Go to the /tmp directory and download the PHPMyAdmin sources: | ||
cd /tmp | cd /tmp | ||
wget https://files.phpmyadmin.net/phpMyAdmin/4.9.0.1/phpMyAdmin-4.9.0.1-all-languages.tar.gz | wget https://files.phpmyadmin.net/phpMyAdmin/4.9.0.1/phpMyAdmin-4.9.0.1-all-languages.tar.gz | ||
Unpack the downloaded archive file and move the files to the /usr/share/phpmyadmin folder and clean up the /tmp directory. | Unpack the downloaded archive file and move the files to the /usr/share/phpmyadmin folder and clean up the /tmp directory. | ||
tar xfz phpMyAdmin-4.9.0.1-all-languages.tar.gz | tar xfz phpMyAdmin-4.9.0.1-all-languages.tar.gz | ||
mv phpMyAdmin-4.9.0.1-all-languages/* /usr/share/phpmyadmin/ | mv phpMyAdmin-4.9.0.1-all-languages/* /usr/share/phpmyadmin/ | ||
rm phpMyAdmin-4.9.0.1-all-languages.tar.gz | rm phpMyAdmin-4.9.0.1-all-languages.tar.gz | ||
rm -rf phpMyAdmin-4.9.0.1-all-languages | rm -rf phpMyAdmin-4.9.0.1-all-languages | ||
Create a new config file for PHPMyaAdmin based on the provided sample file: | Create a new config file for PHPMyaAdmin based on the provided sample file: | ||
cp /usr/share/phpmyadmin/config.sample.inc.php /usr/share/phpmyadmin/config.inc.php | cp /usr/share/phpmyadmin/config.sample.inc.php /usr/share/phpmyadmin/config.inc.php | ||
Open the config file with nano editor: | Open the config file with nano editor: | ||
nano /usr/share/phpmyadmin/config.inc.php | nano /usr/share/phpmyadmin/config.inc.php | ||
Set a secure password (blowfish secret) which must be 32 chars long: | Set a secure password (blowfish secret) which must be 32 chars long: | ||
$cfg['blowfish_secret'] = 'bD3e6wva9fnd93jVsb7SDgeiBCd452Dh'; /* YOU MUST FILL IN THIS FOR COOKIE AUTH! */ | $cfg['blowfish_secret'] = 'bD3e6wva9fnd93jVsb7SDgeiBCd452Dh'; /* YOU MUST FILL IN THIS FOR COOKIE AUTH! */ | ||
Don't use my example blowfish secret, set your own one! | Don't use my example blowfish secret, set your own one! | ||
| Zeile 574: | Zeile 568: | ||
Then add a line to set the directory which PHPMyAdmin shall use to store temporary files: | Then add a line to set the directory which PHPMyAdmin shall use to store temporary files: | ||
$cfg['TempDir'] = '/var/lib/phpmyadmin/tmp'; | $cfg['TempDir'] = '/var/lib/phpmyadmin/tmp'; | ||
Next, we create the Apache configuration file for PHPMyAdmin by opening a new file in nano editor: | Next, we create the Apache configuration file for PHPMyAdmin by opening a new file in nano editor: | ||
nano /etc/apache2/conf-available/phpmyadmin.conf | nano /etc/apache2/conf-available/phpmyadmin.conf | ||
Paste the following config into the file and save it. | Paste the following config into the file and save it. | ||
<nowiki># phpMyAdmin default Apache configuration</nowiki> | <nowiki># phpMyAdmin default Apache configuration</nowiki> | ||
Alias /phpmyadmin /usr/share/phpmyadmin | Alias /phpmyadmin /usr/share/phpmyadmin | ||
<Directory /usr/share/phpmyadmin> | <Directory /usr/share/phpmyadmin> | ||
Options FollowSymLinks | |||
DirectoryIndex index.php | |||
<IfModule mod_php7.c> | |||
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php | |||
php_flag magic_quotes_gpc Off | |||
php_flag track_vars On | |||
php_flag register_globals Off | |||
php_value include_path . | |||
</IfModule> | |||
</Directory> | </Directory> | ||
<nowiki># Authorize for setup</nowiki> | <nowiki># Authorize for setup</nowiki> | ||
<Directory /usr/share/phpmyadmin/setup> | <Directory /usr/share/phpmyadmin/setup> | ||
<IfModule mod_authn_file.c> | |||
AuthType Basic | |||
AuthName "phpMyAdmin Setup" | |||
AuthUserFile /etc/phpmyadmin/htpasswd.setup | |||
</IfModule> | |||
Require valid-user | Require valid-user | ||
</Directory> | </Directory> | ||
<nowiki># Disallow web access to directories that don't need it</nowiki> | <nowiki># Disallow web access to directories that don't need it</nowiki> | ||
<Directory /usr/share/phpmyadmin/libraries> | <Directory /usr/share/phpmyadmin/libraries> | ||
Order Deny,Allow | |||
Deny from All | |||
</Directory> | </Directory> | ||
<Directory /usr/share/phpmyadmin/setup/lib> | <Directory /usr/share/phpmyadmin/setup/lib> | ||
Order Deny,Allow | |||
Deny from All | |||
</Directory> | </Directory> | ||
Activate the configuration and restart Apache. | Activate the configuration and restart Apache. | ||
a2enconf phpmyadmin | a2enconf phpmyadmin | ||
systemctl restart apache2 | systemctl restart apache2 | ||
In the next step, we will configure the phpMyadmin configuration store (database). | In the next step, we will configure the phpMyadmin configuration store (database). | ||
| Zeile 623: | Zeile 617: | ||
Log into MariaDB as root user: | Log into MariaDB as root user: | ||
mysql -u root -p | mysql -u root -p | ||
In the MariaDB shell, create a new database for PHPMyAdmin: | In the MariaDB shell, create a new database for PHPMyAdmin: | ||
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE phpmyadmin; | MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE phpmyadmin; | ||
Then create a new user: | Then create a new user: | ||
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE USER 'pma'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'mypassword'; | MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE USER 'pma'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'mypassword'; | ||
Replace the word ''mypassword'' with a secure password of your choice in the commands above and below, use the same password both times. Then grant the user access to this database and reload database permissions. | Replace the word ''mypassword'' with a secure password of your choice in the commands above and below, use the same password both times. Then grant the user access to this database and reload database permissions. | ||
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON phpmyadmin.* TO 'pma'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'mypassword' WITH GRANT OPTION; | MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON phpmyadmin.* TO 'pma'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'mypassword' WITH GRANT OPTION; | ||
MariaDB [(none)]> FLUSH PRIVILEGES; | MariaDB [(none)]> FLUSH PRIVILEGES; | ||
MariaDB [(none)]> EXIT; | MariaDB [(none)]> EXIT; | ||
Finally, load the SQL tables into the database: | Finally, load the SQL tables into the database: | ||
mysql -u root -p phpmyadmin < /usr/share/phpmyadmin/sql/create_tables.sql | mysql -u root -p phpmyadmin < /usr/share/phpmyadmin/sql/create_tables.sql | ||
Enter the MariaDB root password on request. | Enter the MariaDB root password on request. | ||
| Zeile 647: | Zeile 641: | ||
All we have to do now is to set the phpmyadmin user details in the configuration file. Open the file in nano editor again: | All we have to do now is to set the phpmyadmin user details in the configuration file. Open the file in nano editor again: | ||
nano /usr/share/phpmyadmin/config.inc.php | nano /usr/share/phpmyadmin/config.inc.php | ||
Scroll down until you see the lines below and edit them: | Scroll down until you see the lines below and edit them: | ||
/* User used to manipulate with storage */ | /* User used to manipulate with storage */ | ||
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['controlhost'] = 'localhost'; | $cfg['Servers'][$i]['controlhost'] = 'localhost'; | ||
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['controlport'] = ''; | $cfg['Servers'][$i]['controlport'] = ''; | ||
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['controluser'] = 'pma'; | $cfg['Servers'][$i]['controluser'] = 'pma'; | ||
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['controlpass'] = 'mypassword'; | $cfg['Servers'][$i]['controlpass'] = 'mypassword'; | ||
/* Storage database and tables */ | /* Storage database and tables */ | ||
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['pmadb'] = 'phpmyadmin'; | $cfg['Servers'][$i]['pmadb'] = 'phpmyadmin'; | ||
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['bookmarktable'] = 'pma__bookmark'; | $cfg['Servers'][$i]['bookmarktable'] = 'pma__bookmark'; | ||
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['relation'] = 'pma__relation'; | $cfg['Servers'][$i]['relation'] = 'pma__relation'; | ||
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['table_info'] = 'pma__table_info'; | $cfg['Servers'][$i]['table_info'] = 'pma__table_info'; | ||
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['table_coords'] = 'pma__table_coords'; | $cfg['Servers'][$i]['table_coords'] = 'pma__table_coords'; | ||
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['pdf_pages'] = 'pma__pdf_pages'; | $cfg['Servers'][$i]['pdf_pages'] = 'pma__pdf_pages'; | ||
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['column_info'] = 'pma__column_info'; | $cfg['Servers'][$i]['column_info'] = 'pma__column_info'; | ||
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['history'] = 'pma__history'; | $cfg['Servers'][$i]['history'] = 'pma__history'; | ||
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['table_uiprefs'] = 'pma__table_uiprefs'; | $cfg['Servers'][$i]['table_uiprefs'] = 'pma__table_uiprefs'; | ||
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['tracking'] = 'pma__tracking'; | $cfg['Servers'][$i]['tracking'] = 'pma__tracking'; | ||
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['userconfig'] = 'pma__userconfig'; | $cfg['Servers'][$i]['userconfig'] = 'pma__userconfig'; | ||
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['recent'] = 'pma__recent'; | $cfg['Servers'][$i]['recent'] = 'pma__recent'; | ||
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['favorite'] = 'pma__favorite'; | $cfg['Servers'][$i]['favorite'] = 'pma__favorite'; | ||
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['users'] = 'pma__users'; | $cfg['Servers'][$i]['users'] = 'pma__users'; | ||
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['usergroups'] = 'pma__usergroups'; | $cfg['Servers'][$i]['usergroups'] = 'pma__usergroups'; | ||
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['navigationhiding'] = 'pma__navigationhiding'; | $cfg['Servers'][$i]['navigationhiding'] = 'pma__navigationhiding'; | ||
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['savedsearches'] = 'pma__savedsearches'; | $cfg['Servers'][$i]['savedsearches'] = 'pma__savedsearches'; | ||
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['central_columns'] = 'pma__central_columns'; | $cfg['Servers'][$i]['central_columns'] = 'pma__central_columns'; | ||
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['designer_settings'] = 'pma__designer_settings'; | $cfg['Servers'][$i]['designer_settings'] = 'pma__designer_settings'; | ||
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['export_templates'] = 'pma__export_templates'; | $cfg['Servers'][$i]['export_templates'] = 'pma__export_templates'; | ||
I've marked the lines in red which I've edited. Replace ''mypassword'' with the password that you've chosen for the phpmyadmin user. Note that the // in front of the lines have been removed as well! | I've marked the lines in red which I've edited. Replace ''mypassword'' with the password that you've chosen for the phpmyadmin user. Note that the // in front of the lines have been removed as well! | ||
== | == Install RoundCube Webmail (optional) == | ||
In this chapter, we will install the RoundCube webmail client. First, we have to create the database for Roundcube manually as there is currently an issue in the RoundCube Debian installer which causes it to fail to create the database automatically. Run this command to create the database: | In this chapter, we will install the RoundCube webmail client. First, we have to create the database for Roundcube manually as there is currently an issue in the RoundCube Debian installer which causes it to fail to create the database automatically. Run this command to create the database: | ||
echo "CREATE DATABASE roundcube;" | mysql --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/debian.cnf | echo "CREATE DATABASE roundcube;" | mysql --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/debian.cnf | ||
Then install RoundCube with this command: | Then install RoundCube with this command: | ||
apt-get install roundcube roundcube-core roundcube-mysql roundcube-plugins | apt-get install roundcube roundcube-core roundcube-mysql roundcube-plugins | ||
The installer will ask the following questions: | The installer will ask the following questions: | ||
Configure database for roundcube with dbconfig.common? <-- yes | Configure database for roundcube with dbconfig.common? <-- yes | ||
MySQL application password for roundcube: <-- press enter | MySQL application password for roundcube: <-- press enter | ||
Then edit the RoundCube /etc/roundcube/config.inc.php file and adjust a few settings: | Then edit the RoundCube /etc/roundcube/config.inc.php file and adjust a few settings: | ||
nano /etc/roundcube/config.inc.php | nano /etc/roundcube/config.inc.php | ||
Set the default_host and smtp_server to localhost. | Set the default_host and smtp_server to localhost. | ||
$config['default_host'] = 'localhost'; | $config['default_host'] = 'localhost'; | ||
$config['smtp_server'] = 'localhost'; | $config['smtp_server'] = 'localhost'; | ||
Then edit the Apache roundcube configuration file /etc/apache2/conf-enabled/roundcube.conf: | Then edit the Apache roundcube configuration file /etc/apache2/conf-enabled/roundcube.conf: | ||
nano /etc/apache2/conf-enabled/roundcube.conf | nano /etc/apache2/conf-enabled/roundcube.conf | ||
And add an alias line for the apache /webmail alias and one for /roundcube, you can add the line right at the beginning of the file. NOTE: Do not use /mail as alias or the ispconfig email module will stop working! | And add an alias line for the apache /webmail alias and one for /roundcube, you can add the line right at the beginning of the file. NOTE: Do not use /mail as alias or the ispconfig email module will stop working! | ||
Alias /roundcube /var/lib/roundcube | Alias /roundcube /var/lib/roundcube | ||
Alias /webmail /var/lib/roundcube | Alias /webmail /var/lib/roundcube | ||
Then reload Apache: | Then reload Apache: | ||
systemctl reload apache2 | systemctl reload apache2 | ||
Now you can access RoundCube as follows: | Now you can access RoundCube as follows: | ||
http://192.168.0.100/webmailhttp://www.example.com/webmailhttp://server1.example.com:8080/webmail (after you have installed ISPConfig, see the next chapter) | http://192.168.0.100/webmailhttp://www.example.com/webmailhttp://server1.example.com:8080/webmail (after you have installed ISPConfig, see the next chapter) | ||
[[Image:Bild2.png|top]] | [[Image:Bild2.png|top]] | ||
== | == Download ISPConfig 3 == | ||
=== | === Download the stable release (recommended) === | ||
To install ISPConfig 3 from the latest released version, do this: | To install ISPConfig 3 from the latest released version, do this: | ||
cd /tmp | cd /tmp | ||
wget http://www.ispconfig.org/downloads/ISPConfig-3-stable.tar.gz | wget http://www.ispconfig.org/downloads/ISPConfig-3-stable.tar.gz | ||
tar xfz ISPConfig-3-stable.tar.gz | tar xfz ISPConfig-3-stable.tar.gz | ||
cd ispconfig3_install/install/ | cd ispconfig3_install/install/ | ||
=== | === Download a pre-release version of the next 3.1 release === | ||
If you like to try out the pre-release of an upcoming 3.1 stable version, download it with this command. This stable branch versions are the last stable release plus the changes for the next stable version: | If you like to try out the pre-release of an upcoming 3.1 stable version, download it with this command. This stable branch versions are the last stable release plus the changes for the next stable version: | ||
cd /tmp | cd /tmp | ||
wget -O ISPConfig-3.1-dev.tar.gz https://git.ispconfig.org/ispconfig/ispconfig3/repository/archive.tar.gz?ref=stable-3.1 | wget -O ISPConfig-3.1-dev.tar.gz https://git.ispconfig.org/ispconfig/ispconfig3/repository/archive.tar.gz?ref=stable-3.1 | ||
tar xfz ISPConfig-3.1-dev.tar.gz | tar xfz ISPConfig-3.1-dev.tar.gz | ||
cd ispconfig3-stable-3.1* | cd ispconfig3-stable-3.1* | ||
cd install | cd install | ||
== | == Install ISPConfig == | ||
The next step is to run the ISPConfig installer. | The next step is to run the ISPConfig installer. | ||
| Zeile 864: | Zeile 858: | ||
On more than 300 pages, it covers the concept behind ISPConfig (admin, resellers, clients), explains how to install and update ISPConfig 3, includes a reference for all forms and form fields in ISPConfig together with examples of valid inputs, and provides tutorials for the most common tasks in ISPConfig 3. It also lines out how to make your server more secure and comes with a troubleshooting section at the end. | On more than 300 pages, it covers the concept behind ISPConfig (admin, resellers, clients), explains how to install and update ISPConfig 3, includes a reference for all forms and form fields in ISPConfig together with examples of valid inputs, and provides tutorials for the most common tasks in ISPConfig 3. It also lines out how to make your server more secure and comes with a troubleshooting section at the end. | ||
== | == Virtual Machine Image Download of this Tutorial == | ||
This tutorial is available as ready to use virtual machine image in ovf/ova format that is compatible with VMWare and Virtualbox. The virtual machine image uses the following login details: | This tutorial is available as ready to use virtual machine image in ovf/ova format that is compatible with VMWare and Virtualbox. The virtual machine image uses the following login details: | ||
| Zeile 884: | Zeile 878: | ||
The IP of the VM is 192.168.0.100, it can be changed in the file /etc/network/interfaces. Please change all the above passwords to secure the virtual machine. | The IP of the VM is 192.168.0.100, it can be changed in the file /etc/network/interfaces. Please change all the above passwords to secure the virtual machine. | ||
== | == Links == | ||
* Debian: [http://www.debian.org/ http://www.debian.org/] | * Debian: [http://www.debian.org/ http://www.debian.org/] | ||
* ISPConfig: [http://www.ispconfig.org/ http://www.ispconfig.org/] | * ISPConfig: [http://www.ispconfig.org/ http://www.ispconfig.org/] | ||
Version vom 18. November 2019, 20:55 Uhr
- This tutorial shows how to prepare a Debian 10 server (with Apache2, BIND, Dovecot) for the installation of ISPConfig 3.1, and how to install ISPConfig.
- The web hosting control panel ISPConfig 3 allows you to configure the following services through a web browser: Apache or nginx web server, Postfix mail server, Courier or Dovecot IMAP/POP3 server, MySQL, BIND or MyDNS nameserver, PureFTPd, SpamAssassin, ClamAV, and many more.
- This setup covers Apache (instead of nginx), BIND, and Dovecot.
Preliminary Note
In this tutorial, I will use the hostname server1.e
- xample.com with the IP address 192.168.0.100 and the gateway 192.168.0.1.
- These settings might differ for you, so you have to replace them where appropriate.
- Before proceeding further you need to have a minimal installation of Debian 10.
- This might be a Debian minimal image from your Hosting provider or you use the Minimal Debian Server tutorial to set up the base system.
- All commands below are run as root user.
- Either log in as root user directly or log in as your normal user and then use the command
su -
to become root user on your server before you proceed.
IMPORTANT: You must use 'su -' and not just 'su', otherwise your PATH variable is set wrong by Debian.
Install the SSH server (Optional)
If you did not install the OpenSSH server during the system installation, you can do it now:
apt-get install ssh openssh-server
From now on you can use an SSH client such as PuTTY and connect from your workstation to your Debian 9 server and follow the remaining steps from this tutorial.
Install a shell text editor (Optional)
We will use nano text editor in this tutorial. Some users prefer the classic vi editor, therefore we will install both editors here. The default vi program has some strange behavior on Debian and Ubuntu; to fix this, we install vim-nox:
apt-get install nano vim-nox
If vi is your favorite editor, then replace nano with vi in the following commands to edit files.
Configure the Hostname
The hostname of your server should be a subdomain like "server1.example.com". Do not use a domain name without subdomain part like "example.com" as hostname as this will cause problems later with your mail setup. First, you should check the hostname in /etc/hosts and change it when necessary. The line should be: "IP Address - space - full hostname incl. domain - space - subdomain part". For our hostname server1.example.com, the file shall look like this:
nano /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost 192.168.0.100 server1.example.com server1
# The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts ::1 localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback ff02::1 ip6-allnodes ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
Then edit the /etc/hostname file:
nano /etc/hostname
It shall contain only the subdomain part, in our case:
server1
Finally, reboot the server to apply the change:
systemctl reboot
Log in again and check if the hostname is correct now with these commands:
hostname hostname -f
The output shall be like this:
root@server1:/tmp# hostname server1 root@server1:/tmp# hostname -f server1.example.com
Update your Debian Installation
First, make sure that your /etc/apt/sources.list contains the buster/updates repository (this makes sure you always get the newest security updates), and that the contrib and non-free repositories are enabled as some required packages are not in the main repository.
# nano /etc/apt/sources.list deb http://deb.debian.org/debian/ buster main contrib non-free deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian/ buster main contrib non-free deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates main contrib non-free deb-src http://security.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates main contrib non-free
Run:
# apt-get update
To update the apt package database
# apt-get upgrade
and to install the latest updates (if there are any).
Change the Default Shell
/bin/sh is a symlink to /bin/dash, however we need /bin/bash, not /bin/dash. Therefore, we do this:
dpkg-reconfigure dash
Use dash as the default system shell (/bin/sh)? <-- No
If you don't do this, the ISPConfig installation will fail.
Synchronize the System Clock
It is a good idea to synchronize the system clock with an NTP (network time protocol) server over the Internet. Simply run
apt-get -y install ntp
and your system time will always be in sync.
Install Postfix, Dovecot, MariaDB, rkhunter, and Binutils
We can install Postfix, Dovecot, MariaDB as MySQL alternative, rkhunter, and Binutils with a single command:
apt-get -y install postfix postfix-mysql postfix-doc mariadb-client mariadb-server openssl getmail4 rkhunter binutils dovecot-imapd dovecot-pop3d dovecot-mysql dovecot-sieve dovecot-lmtpd sudo
You will be asked the following questions:
General type of mail configuration: <-- Internet SiteSystem mail name: <-- server1.example.com
To secure the MariaDB installation and to disable the test database, run this command:
mysql_secure_installation
Answer the questions as follows:
Change the root password? [Y/n] <-- y New password: <-- Enter a new MariaDB root password Re-enter new password: <-- Repeat the MariaDB root password Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] <-- y Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] <-- y Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] <-- y Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] <-- y
Next, open the TLS/SSL and submission ports in Postfix:
nano /etc/postfix/master.cf
Uncomment the submission and smtps sections as follows and add lines where necessary so that this section of the master.cf file looks exactly like the one below. IMPORTANT: Remove the # in front of the lines that start with smtps and submission too and not just from the -o lines after these lines!
[...] submission inet n - - - - smtpd -o syslog_name=postfix/submission -o smtpd_tls_security_level=encrypt -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes -o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject # -o smtpd_reject_unlisted_recipient=no # -o smtpd_client_restrictions=$mua_client_restrictions # -o smtpd_helo_restrictions=$mua_helo_restrictions # -o smtpd_sender_restrictions=$mua_sender_restrictions # -o smtpd_recipient_restrictions= # -o smtpd_relay_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject # -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING smtps inet n - - - - smtpd -o syslog_name=postfix/smtps -o smtpd_tls_wrappermode=yes -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes -o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject # -o smtpd_reject_unlisted_recipient=no # -o smtpd_client_restrictions=$mua_client_restrictions # -o smtpd_helo_restrictions=$mua_helo_restrictions # -o smtpd_sender_restrictions=$mua_sender_restrictions # -o smtpd_recipient_restrictions= # -o smtpd_relay_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject # -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING [...]
Restart Postfix afterwards:
systemctl restart postfix
We want MySQL to listen on all interfaces, not just localhost. Therefore, we edit /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/50-server.cnf and comment out the line bind-address = 127.0.0.1 by adding a # in front of it.
nano /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/50-server.cnf [...] # Instead of skip-networking the default is now to listen only on # localhost which is more compatible and is not less secure. #bind-address = 127.0.0.1 [...]
Set the password authentication method in MariaDB to native so we can use PHPMyAdmin later to connect as root user:
echo "update mysql.user set plugin = 'mysql_native_password' where user='root';" | mysql -u root
Edit the file /etc/mysql/debian.cnf and set the MYSQL / MariaDB root password there twice in the rows that start with the word password.
nano /etc/mysql/debian.cnf
The MySQL root password that needs to be added is shown in red. In this example, the password is "howtoforge".
# Automatically generated for Debian scripts. DO NOT TOUCH! [client] host = localhost user = root password = howtoforge socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock [mysql_upgrade] host = localhost user = root password = howtoforge socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock basedir = /usr
To prevent the error 'Error in accept: Too many open files' we will set higher open file limits for MariaDB now.
Open the file /etc/security/limits.conf with an editor:
nano /etc/security/limits.conf
and add these lines at the end of the file.
mysql soft nofile 65535 mysql hard nofile 65535
Next, create a new directory /etc/systemd/system/mysql.service.d/ with the mkdir command.
mkdir -p /etc/systemd/system/mysql.service.d/
and add a new file inside:
nano /etc/systemd/system/mysql.service.d/limits.conf
paste the following lines into that file:
[Service] LimitNOFILE=infinity
Save the file and close the nano editor.
Then we reload systemd and restart MariaDB:
systemctl daemon-reload systemctl restart mariadb
Now check that networking is enabled. Run
netstat -tap | grep mysql
The output should look like this:
root@server1:/home/administrator# netstat -tap | grep mysql tcp6 0 0 [::]:mysql [::]:* LISTEN 16623/mysqld
Install Amavisd-new, SpamAssassin, and ClamAV
To install amavisd-new, SpamAssassin and ClamAV, we run
apt-get install amavisd-new spamassassin clamav clamav-daemon unzip bzip2 arj nomarch lzop cabextract p7zip p7zip-full unrar lrzip apt-listchanges libnet-ldap-perl libauthen-sasl-perl clamav-docs daemon libio-string-perl libio-socket-ssl-perl libnet-ident-perl zip libnet-dns-perl libdbd-mysql-perl postgrey
The ISPConfig 3 setup uses amavisd which loads the SpamAssassin filter library internally, so we can stop SpamAssassin to free up some RAM:
systemctl stop spamassassin systemctl disable spamassassin
Install Apache Web Server and PHP
Apache2, PHP, FCGI, suExec, Pear, and mcrypt can be installed as follows:
apt-get -y install apache2 apache2-doc apache2-utils libapache2-mod-php php7.3 php7.3-common php7.3-gd php7.3-mysql php7.3-imap php7.3-cli php7.3-cgi libapache2-mod-fcgid apache2-suexec-pristine php-pear mcrypt imagemagick libruby libapache2-mod-python php7.3-curl php7.3-intl php7.3-pspell php7.3-recode php7.3-sqlite3 php7.3-tidy php7.3-xmlrpc php7.3-xsl memcached php-memcache php-imagick php-gettext php7.3-zip php7.3-mbstring memcached libapache2-mod-passenger php7.3-soap php7.3-fpm php7.3-opcache php-apcu
Then run the following command to enable the Apache modules suexec, rewrite, ssl, actions, and include (plus dav, dav_fs, and auth_digest if you want to use WebDAV):
- a2enmod suexec rewrite ssl actions include dav_fs dav auth_digest cgi headers actions proxy_fcgi alias
To ensure that the server cannot be attacked through the HTTPOXY vulnerability, we will disable the HTTP_PROXY header in apache globally by adding the configuration file /etc/apache2/conf-available/httpoxy.conf.
Note: The vulnerability is named httpoxy (without 'r') and therefore the file where we add the config to prevent it is named httpoxy.conf and not httproxy.conf, so there is no 'r' missing in the filename.
nano /etc/apache2/conf-available/httpoxy.conf
Paste the following content to the file:
<IfModule mod_headers.c>
RequestHeader unset Proxy early
</IfModule>
And enable the module by running:
a2enconf httpoxy systemctl restart apache2
Install Let's Encrypt
ISPConfig 3.1 has support for the free SSL Certificate authority Let's encrypt. The Let's Encrypt function allows you to create free SSL certificates for your website from within ISPConfig.
Now we will add support for Let's encrypt.
cd /usr/local/bin wget https://dl.eff.org/certbot-auto chmod a+x certbot-auto ./certbot-auto --install-only
There are no further steps required than installing LE. The website SSL certificates are created by ISPConfig when you add the web sites.
Install Mailman
ISPConfig allows you to manage (create/modify/delete) Mailman mailing lists. If you want to make use of this feature, install Mailman as follows:
apt-get install mailman
Select at least one language, e.g.:
Languages to support: <-- en (English)
Missing site list <-- Ok
Before we can start Mailman, a first mailing list called mailman must be created:
newlist mailman root@server1:~# newlist mailman Enter the email of the person running the list: <-- admin email address, e.g. listadmin@example.com Initial mailman password: <-- admin password for the mailman list To finish creating your mailing list, you must edit your /etc/aliases (or equivalent) file by adding the following lines, and possibly running the `newaliases' program:
## mailman mailing list mailman: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman post mailman" mailman-admin: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman admin mailman" mailman-bounces: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman bounces mailman" mailman-confirm: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman confirm mailman" mailman-join: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman join mailman" mailman-leave: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman leave mailman" mailman-owner: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman owner mailman" mailman-request: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman request mailman" mailman-subscribe: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman subscribe mailman" mailman-unsubscribe: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman unsubscribe mailman"
Hit enter to notify mailman owner... <-- ENTER
root@server1:~#
Open /etc/aliases afterwards...
nano /etc/aliases
... and add the following lines:
[...] ## mailman mailing list mailman: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman post mailman" mailman-admin: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman admin mailman" mailman-bounces: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman bounces mailman" mailman-confirm: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman confirm mailman" mailman-join: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman join mailman" mailman-leave: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman leave mailman" mailman-owner: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman owner mailman" mailman-request: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman request mailman" mailman-subscribe: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman subscribe mailman" mailman-unsubscribe: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman unsubscribe mailman"
Run:
newaliases
and restart Postfix:
systemctl restart postfix
Finally, we must enable the Mailman Apache configuration:
ln -s /etc/mailman/apache.conf /etc/apache2/conf-enabled/mailman.conf
This defines the alias /cgi-bin/mailman/ for all Apache vhosts, which means you can access the Mailman admin interface for a list at http://server1.example.com/cgi-bin/mailman/admin/, and the web page for users of a mailing list can be found at http://server1.example.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/.
Under http://server1.example.com/pipermail you can find the mailing list archives.
Restart Apache afterwards:
systemctl restart apache2
Then start the Mailman daemon:
systemctl restart mailman
Install PureFTPd and Quota
PureFTPd and quota can be installed with the following command:
apt-get install pure-ftpd-common pure-ftpd-mysql quota quotatool
Create the dhparam file for pure-ftpd:
openssl dhparam -out /etc/ssl/private/pure-ftpd-dhparams.pem 2048
Edit the file /etc/default/pure-ftpd-common...
nano /etc/default/pure-ftpd-common
... and make sure that the start mode is set to standalone and set VIRTUALCHROOT=true:
[...] STANDALONE_OR_INETD=standalone [...] VIRTUALCHROOT=true [...]
Now we configure PureFTPd to allow FTP and TLS sessions. FTP is a very insecure protocol because all passwords and all data are transferred in clear text. By using TLS, the whole communication can be encrypted, thus making FTP much more secure.
If you want to allow FTP and TLS sessions, run
echo 1 > /etc/pure-ftpd/conf/TLS
In order to use TLS, we must create an SSL certificate. I create it in /etc/ssl/private/, therefore I create that directory first:
mkdir -p /etc/ssl/private/
Afterwards, we can generate the SSL certificate as follows:
openssl req -x509 -nodes -days 7300 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout /etc/ssl/private/pure-ftpd.pem -out /etc/ssl/private/pure-ftpd.pem Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]: <-- Enter your Country Name (e.g., "DE"). State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]: <-- Enter your State or Province Name. Locality Name (eg, city) []: <-- Enter your City. Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]: <-- Enter your Organization Name (e.g., the name of your company). Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []: <-- Enter your Organizational Unit Name (e.g. "IT Department"). Common Name (eg, YOUR name) []: <-- Enter the Fully Qualified Domain Name of the system (e.g. "server1.example.com"). Email Address []: <-- Enter your Email Address.
Change the permissions of the SSL certificate:
chmod 600 /etc/ssl/private/pure-ftpd.pem
Then restart PureFTPd:
systemctl restart pure-ftpd-mysql
Edit /etc/fstab. Mine looks like this (I added ,usrjquota=quota.user,grpjquota=quota.group,jqfmt=vfsv0 to the partition with the mount point /):
nano /etc/fstab # /etc/fstab: static file system information. # # Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a # device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices # that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5). # # <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass> # / was on /dev/sda1 during installation UUID=45576b38-39e8-4994-b8c1-ea4870e2e614 / ext4 errors=remount-ro,usrjquota=quota.user,grpjquota=quota.group,jqfmt=vfsv0 0 1 # swap was on /dev/sda5 during installation UUID=8bea0d1e-ec37-4b20-9976-4b7daaa3eb69 none swap sw 0 0 /dev/sr0 /media/cdrom0 udf,iso9660 user,noauto 0 0
To enable quota, run these commands:
mount -o remount / quotacheck -avugm quotaon -avug
Install BIND DNS Server
BIND can be installed as follows:
apt-get install bind9 dnsutils
If your server is a virtual machine, then it is highly recommended to install the haveged daemon to get a higher entropy for DNSSEC signing. You can install haveged on nonvirtual servers as well, it should not hurt.
apt-get install haveged
An explanation on that topic can be found here.
Install Webalizer and AWStats
Webalizer and AWStats can be installed as follows:
apt-get install webalizer awstats geoip-database libclass-dbi-mysql-perl libtimedate-perl
Open /etc/cron.d/awstats afterwards...
nano /etc/cron.d/awstats
... and comment out everything in that file:
#MAILTO=root #*/10 * * * * www-data [ -x /usr/share/awstats/tools/update.sh ] && /usr/share/awstats/tools/update.sh # Generate static reports: #10 03 * * * www-data [ -x /usr/share/awstats/tools/buildstatic.sh ] && /usr/share/awstats/tools/buildstatic.sh
Install Jailkit
Jailkit is needed only if you want to chroot SSH users. It can be installed as follows:
apt-get install build-essential autoconf automake libtool flex bison debhelper binutils cd /tmp wget http://olivier.sessink.nl/jailkit/jailkit-2.20.tar.gz tar xvfz jailkit-2.20.tar.gz cd jailkit-2.20 echo 5 > debian/compat ./debian/rules binary
You can now install the Jailkit .deb package as follows:
cd .. dpkg -i jailkit_2.20-1_*.deb rm -rf jailkit-2.20*
Install fail2ban and UFW Firewall
This is optional but recommended, because the ISPConfig monitor tries to show the log:
apt-get install fail2ban
To make fail2ban monitor PureFTPd and Dovecot, create the file /etc/fail2ban/jail.local:
nano /etc/fail2ban/jail.local
And add the following configuration to it.
[pure-ftpd] enabled = true port = ftp filter = pure-ftpd logpath = /var/log/syslog maxretry = 3 [dovecot] enabled = true filter = dovecot logpath = /var/log/mail.log maxretry = 5 [postfix-sasl] enabled = true port = smtp filter = postfix[mode=auth] logpath = /var/log/mail.log maxretry = 3
Restart fail2ban afterwards:
systemctl restart fail2ban
To install the UFW firewall, run this apt command:
apt-get install ufw
Install PHPMyAdmin Database Administration Tool
Since Debian 10, PHPMyAdmin is not available as .deb package anymore. Therefore we will install it from source.
Create folders for PHPMyadmin:
mkdir /usr/share/phpmyadmin mkdir /etc/phpmyadmin mkdir -p /var/lib/phpmyadmin/tmp chown -R www-data:www-data /var/lib/phpmyadmin touch /etc/phpmyadmin/htpasswd.setup
Go to the /tmp directory and download the PHPMyAdmin sources:
cd /tmp wget https://files.phpmyadmin.net/phpMyAdmin/4.9.0.1/phpMyAdmin-4.9.0.1-all-languages.tar.gz
Unpack the downloaded archive file and move the files to the /usr/share/phpmyadmin folder and clean up the /tmp directory.
tar xfz phpMyAdmin-4.9.0.1-all-languages.tar.gz mv phpMyAdmin-4.9.0.1-all-languages/* /usr/share/phpmyadmin/ rm phpMyAdmin-4.9.0.1-all-languages.tar.gz rm -rf phpMyAdmin-4.9.0.1-all-languages
Create a new config file for PHPMyaAdmin based on the provided sample file:
cp /usr/share/phpmyadmin/config.sample.inc.php /usr/share/phpmyadmin/config.inc.php
Open the config file with nano editor:
nano /usr/share/phpmyadmin/config.inc.php
Set a secure password (blowfish secret) which must be 32 chars long:
$cfg['blowfish_secret'] = 'bD3e6wva9fnd93jVsb7SDgeiBCd452Dh'; /* YOU MUST FILL IN THIS FOR COOKIE AUTH! */
Don't use my example blowfish secret, set your own one!
Then add a line to set the directory which PHPMyAdmin shall use to store temporary files:
$cfg['TempDir'] = '/var/lib/phpmyadmin/tmp';
Next, we create the Apache configuration file for PHPMyAdmin by opening a new file in nano editor:
nano /etc/apache2/conf-available/phpmyadmin.conf
Paste the following config into the file and save it.
# phpMyAdmin default Apache configuration Alias /phpmyadmin /usr/share/phpmyadmin <Directory /usr/share/phpmyadmin> Options FollowSymLinks DirectoryIndex index.php <IfModule mod_php7.c> AddType application/x-httpd-php .php php_flag magic_quotes_gpc Off php_flag track_vars On php_flag register_globals Off php_value include_path . </IfModule> </Directory> # Authorize for setup <Directory /usr/share/phpmyadmin/setup> <IfModule mod_authn_file.c> AuthType Basic AuthName "phpMyAdmin Setup" AuthUserFile /etc/phpmyadmin/htpasswd.setup </IfModule> Require valid-user </Directory>
# Disallow web access to directories that don't need it
<Directory /usr/share/phpmyadmin/libraries> Order Deny,Allow Deny from All </Directory> <Directory /usr/share/phpmyadmin/setup/lib> Order Deny,Allow Deny from All </Directory>
Activate the configuration and restart Apache.
a2enconf phpmyadmin systemctl restart apache2
In the next step, we will configure the phpMyadmin configuration store (database).
Log into MariaDB as root user:
mysql -u root -p
In the MariaDB shell, create a new database for PHPMyAdmin:
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE phpmyadmin;
Then create a new user:
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE USER 'pma'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'mypassword';
Replace the word mypassword with a secure password of your choice in the commands above and below, use the same password both times. Then grant the user access to this database and reload database permissions.
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON phpmyadmin.* TO 'pma'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'mypassword' WITH GRANT OPTION; MariaDB [(none)]> FLUSH PRIVILEGES; MariaDB [(none)]> EXIT;
Finally, load the SQL tables into the database:
mysql -u root -p phpmyadmin < /usr/share/phpmyadmin/sql/create_tables.sql
Enter the MariaDB root password on request.
All we have to do now is to set the phpmyadmin user details in the configuration file. Open the file in nano editor again:
nano /usr/share/phpmyadmin/config.inc.php
Scroll down until you see the lines below and edit them:
/* User used to manipulate with storage */ $cfg['Servers'][$i]['controlhost'] = 'localhost'; $cfg['Servers'][$i]['controlport'] = ; $cfg['Servers'][$i]['controluser'] = 'pma'; $cfg['Servers'][$i]['controlpass'] = 'mypassword'; /* Storage database and tables */ $cfg['Servers'][$i]['pmadb'] = 'phpmyadmin'; $cfg['Servers'][$i]['bookmarktable'] = 'pma__bookmark'; $cfg['Servers'][$i]['relation'] = 'pma__relation'; $cfg['Servers'][$i]['table_info'] = 'pma__table_info'; $cfg['Servers'][$i]['table_coords'] = 'pma__table_coords'; $cfg['Servers'][$i]['pdf_pages'] = 'pma__pdf_pages'; $cfg['Servers'][$i]['column_info'] = 'pma__column_info'; $cfg['Servers'][$i]['history'] = 'pma__history'; $cfg['Servers'][$i]['table_uiprefs'] = 'pma__table_uiprefs'; $cfg['Servers'][$i]['tracking'] = 'pma__tracking'; $cfg['Servers'][$i]['userconfig'] = 'pma__userconfig'; $cfg['Servers'][$i]['recent'] = 'pma__recent'; $cfg['Servers'][$i]['favorite'] = 'pma__favorite'; $cfg['Servers'][$i]['users'] = 'pma__users'; $cfg['Servers'][$i]['usergroups'] = 'pma__usergroups'; $cfg['Servers'][$i]['navigationhiding'] = 'pma__navigationhiding'; $cfg['Servers'][$i]['savedsearches'] = 'pma__savedsearches'; $cfg['Servers'][$i]['central_columns'] = 'pma__central_columns'; $cfg['Servers'][$i]['designer_settings'] = 'pma__designer_settings'; $cfg['Servers'][$i]['export_templates'] = 'pma__export_templates';
I've marked the lines in red which I've edited. Replace mypassword with the password that you've chosen for the phpmyadmin user. Note that the // in front of the lines have been removed as well!
Install RoundCube Webmail (optional)
In this chapter, we will install the RoundCube webmail client. First, we have to create the database for Roundcube manually as there is currently an issue in the RoundCube Debian installer which causes it to fail to create the database automatically. Run this command to create the database:
echo "CREATE DATABASE roundcube;" | mysql --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/debian.cnf
Then install RoundCube with this command:
apt-get install roundcube roundcube-core roundcube-mysql roundcube-plugins
The installer will ask the following questions:
Configure database for roundcube with dbconfig.common? <-- yes MySQL application password for roundcube: <-- press enter
Then edit the RoundCube /etc/roundcube/config.inc.php file and adjust a few settings:
nano /etc/roundcube/config.inc.php
Set the default_host and smtp_server to localhost.
$config['default_host'] = 'localhost'; $config['smtp_server'] = 'localhost';
Then edit the Apache roundcube configuration file /etc/apache2/conf-enabled/roundcube.conf:
nano /etc/apache2/conf-enabled/roundcube.conf
And add an alias line for the apache /webmail alias and one for /roundcube, you can add the line right at the beginning of the file. NOTE: Do not use /mail as alias or the ispconfig email module will stop working!
Alias /roundcube /var/lib/roundcube Alias /webmail /var/lib/roundcube
Then reload Apache:
systemctl reload apache2
Now you can access RoundCube as follows:
http://192.168.0.100/webmailhttp://www.example.com/webmailhttp://server1.example.com:8080/webmail (after you have installed ISPConfig, see the next chapter)
Download ISPConfig 3
Download the stable release (recommended)
To install ISPConfig 3 from the latest released version, do this:
cd /tmp wget http://www.ispconfig.org/downloads/ISPConfig-3-stable.tar.gz tar xfz ISPConfig-3-stable.tar.gz cd ispconfig3_install/install/
Download a pre-release version of the next 3.1 release
If you like to try out the pre-release of an upcoming 3.1 stable version, download it with this command. This stable branch versions are the last stable release plus the changes for the next stable version:
cd /tmp wget -O ISPConfig-3.1-dev.tar.gz https://git.ispconfig.org/ispconfig/ispconfig3/repository/archive.tar.gz?ref=stable-3.1 tar xfz ISPConfig-3.1-dev.tar.gz cd ispconfig3-stable-3.1* cd install
Install ISPConfig
The next step is to run the ISPConfig installer.
php -q install.php
This will start the ISPConfig 3 installer. The installer will configure all services like Postfix, Dovecot, etc. for you. A manual setup as required for ISPConfig 2 (perfect setup guides) is not necessary.
# php -q install.php -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- _____ ___________ _____ __ _ ____ |_ _/ ___| ___ \ / __ \ / _(_) /__ \ | | \ `--.| |_/ / | / \/ ___ _ __ | |_ _ __ _ _/ / | | `--. \ __/ | | / _ \| '_ \| _| |/ _` | |_ | _| |_/\__/ / | | \__/\ (_) | | | | | | | (_| | ___\ \ \___/\____/\_| \____/\___/|_| |_|_| |_|\__, | \____/ __/ | |___/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- >> Initial configuration Operating System: Debian 10.0 (Buster) or compatible Following will be a few questions for primary configuration so be careful. Default values are in [brackets] and can be accepted with <ENTER>. Tap in "quit" (without the quotes) to stop the installer. Select language (en,de) [en]: <-- Hit Enter Installation mode (standard,expert) [standard]: <-- Hit Enter Full qualified hostname (FQDN) of the server, eg server1.domain.tld [server1.example.com]: <-- Hit Enter MySQL server hostname [localhost]: <-- Hit Enter MySQL server port [3306]: <-- Hit Enter MySQL root username [root]: <-- Hit Enter MySQL root password []: <-- Enter your MySQL root password MySQL database to create [dbispconfig]: <-- Hit Enter MySQL charset [utf8]: <-- Hit Enter Configuring Postgrey Configuring Postfix Generating a 4096 bit RSA private key .......................................................................++ ........................................................................................................................................++ writing new private key to 'smtpd.key' ----- You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated into your certificate request. What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN. There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank For some fields there will be a default value, If you enter '.', the field will be left blank. ----- Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]: <-- Enter 2 letter country code State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]: <-- Enter the name of the state Locality Name (eg, city) []: <-- Enter your city Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]: <-- Enter company name or press enter Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []: <-- Hit Enter Common Name (e.g. server FQDN or YOUR name) []: <-- Enter the server hostname, in my case: server1.example.com Email Address []: <-- Hit Enter Configuring Mailman Configuring Dovecot Configuring Spamassassin Configuring Amavisd Configuring Getmail Configuring BIND Configuring Jailkit Configuring Pureftpd Configuring Apache Configuring vlogger [INFO] service Metronome XMPP Server not detected Configuring Ubuntu Firewall Configuring Fail2ban [INFO] service OpenVZ not detected Configuring Apps vhost Installing ISPConfig ISPConfig Port [8080]: Admin password [admin]: Do you want a secure (SSL) connection to the ISPConfig web interface (y,n) [y]: <-- Hit Enter Generating RSA private key, 4096 bit long modulus .......................++ ................................................................................................................................++ e is 65537 (0x10001) You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated into your certificate request. What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN. There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank For some fields there will be a default value, If you enter '.', the field will be left blank. ----- Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]: <-- Enter 2 letter country code State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]: <-- Enter the name of the state Locality Name (eg, city) []: <-- Enter your city Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]: <-- Enter company name or press enter Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []: <-- Hit Enter Common Name (e.g. server FQDN or YOUR name) []: <-- Enter the server hostname, in my case: server1.example.com Email Address []: <-- Hit Enter Please enter the following 'extra' attributes to be sent with your certificate request A challenge password []: <-- Hit Enter An optional company name []: <-- Hit Enter writing RSA key Configuring DBServer Installing ISPConfig crontab no crontab for root no crontab for getmail Detect IP addresses Restarting services ... Installation completed.
The installer automatically configures all underlying services, so no manual configuration is needed.
Afterwards you can access ISPConfig 3 under http(s)://server1.example.com:8080/ or http(s)://192.168.0.100:8080/ ( http or https depends on what you chose during installation). Log in with the username admin and the password admin (you should change the default password after your first login):
"ISPConfig Login on Debian 10"
"ISPConfig Dashboard on Debian 10"
The system is now ready to be used.
21.1 ISPConfig 3 Manual
In order to learn how to use ISPConfig 3, I strongly recommend downloading the ISPConfig 3 Manual.
On more than 300 pages, it covers the concept behind ISPConfig (admin, resellers, clients), explains how to install and update ISPConfig 3, includes a reference for all forms and form fields in ISPConfig together with examples of valid inputs, and provides tutorials for the most common tasks in ISPConfig 3. It also lines out how to make your server more secure and comes with a troubleshooting section at the end.
Virtual Machine Image Download of this Tutorial
This tutorial is available as ready to use virtual machine image in ovf/ova format that is compatible with VMWare and Virtualbox. The virtual machine image uses the following login details:
SSH / Shell Login
Username: administratorPassword: howtoforge
Username: rootPassword: howtoforge
ISPConfig Login
Username: adminPassword: admin
MySQL Login
Username: rootPassword: howtoforge
The IP of the VM is 192.168.0.100, it can be changed in the file /etc/network/interfaces. Please change all the above passwords to secure the virtual machine.
Links
- Debian: http://www.debian.org/
- ISPConfig: http://www.ispconfig.org/