Netzwerkbefehle: Unterschied zwischen den Versionen
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== | '''Netzwerkbefehle''' - Wichtige Befehle für [[Computernetzwerk]]e | ||
{| class="wikitable | |||
== Übersicht == | |||
{| class="wikitable big options" | |||
|- | |||
! Befehl !! Beschreibung !! Beispiel | |||
|- | |||
| [[arp]] || ARP-Cache anzeigen und ändern || | |||
|- | |||
| [[arping]] || || | |||
|- | |||
| [[bmon]] || || | |||
|- | |||
| [[bridge]] || || | |||
|- | |||
| [[cadaver]] || cadaver - A command-line WebDAV client for Unix || | |||
|- | |||
| [[dig]] || || | |||
|- | |||
| [[ethtool]] || || | |||
|- | |||
| [[ftp]] || FTP-Client || | |||
|- | |||
| [[ip]] || || | |||
|- | |||
| [[nc]] || || | |||
|- | |||
| [[nethogs]] || || | |||
|- | |||
| [[netstat]] || || | |||
|- | |||
| [[nmap]] || || | |||
|- | |||
| [[nslookup]] || || | |||
|- | |||
| [[ping]] || || | |||
|- | |||
| [[putty]] || || | |||
|- | |||
| [[route]] || || | |||
|- | |||
| [[rsync]] || || | |||
|- | |||
| [[samba/net]] || || | |||
|- | |||
| [[scp]] || || | |||
|- | |||
| [[ss]] || || | |||
|- | |||
| [[ssh]] || || | |||
|- | |||
| [[ssh-copy-id]] || || | |||
|- | |||
| [[sshmon]] || || | |||
|- | |||
| [[telnet]] || || | |||
|- | |||
| [[tracepath]] || || | |||
|- | |||
| [[traceroute]] || || | |||
|- | |||
| [[wget]] || || | |||
|- | |||
| [[wireshark]] || || | |||
|} | |||
<noinclude> | |||
== Aufgaben == | |||
{| class="wikitable big" | |||
! Aufgabe !! Linux !! Windows | |||
|- | |- | ||
|| | || Netzwerk-Interface | ||
|| ip addr show | || ip addr show | ||
|| ipconfig | || ipconfig | ||
|- | |- | ||
|| | || IP-Adresse </br>ändern | ||
|| | || # ip addr add <ip-adresse>/<subnetzpräfix> <interface> | ||
|| netsh interface ip set address name=<interface> static <ip-adresse | || netsh interface ip set address name=<interface> static <ip-adresse> <netmask> <gateway> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|| | || Interface start/stop | ||
|| ip link set dev <interface> up/down | || ip link set dev <interface> up/down | ||
|| netsh interface set interface <interface> enabled/disabled | || netsh interface set interface <interface> enabled/disabled | ||
|- | |- | ||
|| | || Namensauflösung IPv4 | ||
|| dig A <dns-name> | || dig A <dns-name> | ||
|| nslookup <dns-name> | || nslookup <dns-name> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|| | || Namensauflösung IPv6 | ||
|| dig AAAA <dns-name> | || dig AAAA <dns-name> | ||
|| nslookup <dns-name> | || nslookup <dns-name> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|| | || Ping IPv4 | ||
|| ping <ip-adresse> | || ping <ip-adresse> | ||
|| ping <ip-adresse> | || ping <ip-adresse> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|| Ping | || Ping IPv6 | ||
|| ping <ipv6-adresse> | |||
|| ping <ipv6-adresse> | |||
|| ping -6 <ipv6-adresse> | || ping -6 <ipv6-adresse> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|| | || Ping auf link-lokaler-Adresse | ||
|| ping -I <interface> <link-lokale IPv6-Adresse> | || ping -I <interface> <link-lokale IPv6-Adresse> | ||
|| ping -6 <link-lokale IPv6-Adresse> | || ping -6 <link-lokale IPv6-Adresse> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|| Anzeige ARP-Cache | || Anzeige ARP-Cache | ||
|| ip -4 neigh show | || ip -4 neigh show | ||
|| arp -a | || arp -a | ||
|- | |- | ||
|| Löschen aller Einträge im ARP-Cache | || Löschen aller Einträge</br>im ARP-Cache | ||
|| | || # ip -4 neigh flush all | ||
|| arp -d * | || arp -d * | ||
|- | |- | ||
|| Löschen eines IPv4-Eintrages im ARP-Cache | || Löschen eines IPv4-Eintrages</br>im ARP-Cache | ||
|| | || # ip neigh flush <ipv4-adresse> | ||
|| arp -d <ip-adresse> | || arp -d <ip-adresse> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|| Netzwerk neu starten | || Netzwerk neu starten | ||
|| | || # systemctl restart networking | ||
|| netsh interface ip reset | || netsh interface ip reset | ||
|- | |- | ||
|| Anzeige Neighbor Cache für IPv6 | || Anzeige Neighbor Cache</br>für IPv6 | ||
|| ip -6 neigh | || ip -6 neigh | ||
|| netsh interface ipv6 show neighbors | || netsh interface ipv6 show neighbors | ||
|- | |- | ||
|| Löschen aller Einträge im Neighbor Cache für IPv6 | || Löschen aller Einträge</br>im Neighbor Cache für IPv6 | ||
|| | || # ip -6 neigh flush all | ||
|| netsh interface ipv6 delete neighbors | || netsh interface ipv6 delete neighbors | ||
|- | |- | ||
|| Löschen eines IPv6-Eintrages im Neighbor-Cache | || Löschen eines IPv6-Eintrages</br>im Neighbor-Cache | ||
|| | || # ip neigh flush <ipv6-adresse> | ||
|| netsh interface ipv6 delete address interface="<interface>" address="<adresse>" | || netsh interface ipv6 delete address interface="<interface>" address="<adresse>" | ||
|- | |- | ||
|| | || Routing-Tabelle für IPv4 | ||
|| route -n | || route -n | ||
|| route print | || route print | ||
|- | |- | ||
|| | || Routing-Tabelle für IPv6 | ||
|| route -n -6 | || route -n -6 | ||
|| netsh interface ipv6 show route | || netsh interface ipv6 show route | ||
|- | |- | ||
|| Routenverfolgung | || Routenverfolgung | ||
|| tracepath <dns-name> | || tracepath <dns-name> | ||
|| tracert <dns-name> | || tracert <dns-name> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|| ARP | || ARP-/Neighbor-Cache</br>fortlaufend ausgeben | ||
|| watch -n 1 ip -4 | || watch -n 1 ip -4 neigh</br>watch -n 1 ip -6 neigh | ||
|| | || | ||
|- | |- | ||
|| | || Befehl fortlaufend wiederholen | ||
|| watch -n <seconds> <befehl> | || watch -n <seconds> <befehl> | ||
|| | || | ||
|- | |- | ||
|| SSH-Verbindung aufbauen | || SSH-Verbindung aufbauen | ||
|| ssh user@ip-adress | || ssh user@ip-adress | ||
|| ssh user@ip-adress | || ssh user@ip-adress | ||
|} | |} | ||
== Anhang == | |||
=== Siehe auch === | |||
{{Special:PrefixIndex/{{BASEPAGENAME}}}} | |||
==== Links ==== | |||
===== Weblinks ===== | |||
[[Kategorie:Netzwerk/Befehl]] | |||
</noinclude> |
Aktuelle Version vom 24. Februar 2024, 15:58 Uhr
Netzwerkbefehle - Wichtige Befehle für Computernetzwerke
Übersicht
Befehl | Beschreibung | Beispiel |
---|---|---|
arp | ARP-Cache anzeigen und ändern | |
arping | ||
bmon | ||
bridge | ||
cadaver | cadaver - A command-line WebDAV client for Unix | |
dig | ||
ethtool | ||
ftp | FTP-Client | |
ip | ||
nc | ||
nethogs | ||
netstat | ||
nmap | ||
nslookup | ||
ping | ||
putty | ||
route | ||
rsync | ||
samba/net | ||
scp | ||
ss | ||
ssh | ||
ssh-copy-id | ||
sshmon | ||
telnet | ||
tracepath | ||
traceroute | ||
wget | ||
wireshark |
Aufgaben
Aufgabe | Linux | Windows |
---|---|---|
Netzwerk-Interface | ip addr show | ipconfig |
IP-Adresse ändern |
# ip addr add <ip-adresse>/<subnetzpräfix> <interface> | netsh interface ip set address name=<interface> static <ip-adresse> <netmask> <gateway> |
Interface start/stop | ip link set dev <interface> up/down | netsh interface set interface <interface> enabled/disabled |
Namensauflösung IPv4 | dig A <dns-name> | nslookup <dns-name> |
Namensauflösung IPv6 | dig AAAA <dns-name> | nslookup <dns-name> |
Ping IPv4 | ping <ip-adresse> | ping <ip-adresse> |
Ping IPv6 | ping <ipv6-adresse> | ping -6 <ipv6-adresse> |
Ping auf link-lokaler-Adresse | ping -I <interface> <link-lokale IPv6-Adresse> | ping -6 <link-lokale IPv6-Adresse> |
Anzeige ARP-Cache | ip -4 neigh show | arp -a |
Löschen aller Einträge im ARP-Cache |
# ip -4 neigh flush all | arp -d * |
Löschen eines IPv4-Eintrages im ARP-Cache |
# ip neigh flush <ipv4-adresse> | arp -d <ip-adresse> |
Netzwerk neu starten | # systemctl restart networking | netsh interface ip reset |
Anzeige Neighbor Cache für IPv6 |
ip -6 neigh | netsh interface ipv6 show neighbors |
Löschen aller Einträge im Neighbor Cache für IPv6 |
# ip -6 neigh flush all | netsh interface ipv6 delete neighbors |
Löschen eines IPv6-Eintrages im Neighbor-Cache |
# ip neigh flush <ipv6-adresse> | netsh interface ipv6 delete address interface="<interface>" address="<adresse>" |
Routing-Tabelle für IPv4 | route -n | route print |
Routing-Tabelle für IPv6 | route -n -6 | netsh interface ipv6 show route |
Routenverfolgung | tracepath <dns-name> | tracert <dns-name> |
ARP-/Neighbor-Cache fortlaufend ausgeben |
watch -n 1 ip -4 neigh watch -n 1 ip -6 neigh |
|
Befehl fortlaufend wiederholen | watch -n <seconds> <befehl> | |
SSH-Verbindung aufbauen | ssh user@ip-adress | ssh user@ip-adress |