Version vom 25. Januar 2025, 11:58 Uhr

sysctl - Configure kernel parameters at runtime

Beschreibung

sysctl is used to modify kernel parameters at runtime.
The parameters available are those listed under /proc/sys/
Procfs is required for sysctl support in Linux. You can use sysctl to both read and write sysctl data

Installation

Aufruf

sysctl [options] [variable[=value]] [...]
sysctl -p [file or regexp] [...]

variable

is the name of a key to read from.
An example is kernel.ostype. The '/' separator is also accepted in place of a '.'.

variable=value

is used to set a key, in the form variable=value where variable is the key and value is the value to set it to.
If the value contains quotes or characters which are parsed by the shell, you may need to enclose the value in double quotes. This requires the -w parameter to use

Optionen

Unix	GNU	Parameter	Beschreibung
-1	--single		Exit as soon as the first advertisement is received (default)

-n, --values	Use this option to disable printing of the key name when printing values.
-e, --ignore	Use this option to ignore errors about unknown keys.
-N, --names	Use this option to only print the names. It may be useful with shells that have programmable completion.
-q, --quiet	Use this option to not display the values set to stdout.
-w, --write	Use this option when you want to change a sysctl setting.
-p[FILE], --load[=FILE]	Load in sysctl settings from the file specified or /etc/sysctl.conf if none given. Specifying - as filename means reading data from standard input. Using this option will mean arguments to sysctl are files, which are read in the order they are specified. The file argument may be specified as regular expression.
-a, --all	Display all values currently available.
--deprecated	Include deprecated parameters to --all values listing.
-b, --binary	Print value without new line.
--system	Load settings from all system configuration files. /run/sysctl.d/.conf /etc/sysctl.d/.conf /usr/local/lib/sysctl.d/.conf /usr/lib/sysctl.d/.conf /lib/sysctl.d/*.conf /etc/sysctl.conf
-r, --pattern pattern	Only apply settings that match pattern. The pattern uses extended regular expression syntax.
-A	Alias of -a
-d	Alias of -h
-f	Alias of -p
-X	Alias of -a
-o	Does nothing, exists for BSD compatibility.
-x	Does nothing, exists for BSD compatibility.
-h, --help	Display help text and exit.
-V, --version	Display version information and exit.

Parameter

Umgebungsvariablen

Exit-Status

Anwendung

/sbin/sysctl -a
/sbin/sysctl -n kernel.hostname
/sbin/sysctl -w kernel.domainname="example.com"
/sbin/sysctl -p/etc/sysctl.conf
/sbin/sysctl -a --pattern forward
/sbin/sysctl -a --pattern forward$
/sbin/sysctl -a --pattern 'net.ipv4.conf.(eth|wlan)0.arp'
/sbin/sysctl --system --pattern '^net.ipv6'

Veraltete Parameter

The base_reachable_time and retrans_time are deprecated.
The sysctl command does not allow changing values of these parameters.
Users who insist to use deprecated kernel interfaces should push values to /proc file system by other means.

For example:

echo 256 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/neigh/eth0/base_reachable_time

Problembehebung

Konfiguration

Dateien

/proc/sys /etc/sysctl.conf

Anhang

Siehe auch

Dokumentation

Man-Page

sysctl.conf(5)
regex(7)

Info-Pages

Links

Projekt

https://github.com/klaver/sysctl

Weblinks

@@ Zeile 10: / Zeile 10: @@
 </syntaxhighlight>
 == Aufruf ==
- sysctl [options] [variable[=value]] [...]
+<syntaxhighlight lang="bash" highlight="1" line>
- sysctl -p [file or regexp] [...]
+sysctl [options] [variable[=value]] [...]
+sysctl -p [file or regexp] [...]
+</syntaxhighlight>
-'''variable'''
+; variable
 * is the name of a key to read from.
 * An example is kernel.ostype. The '/' separator is also accepted in place of a '.'.
-'''variable=value'''
+; variable=value
 * is used to set a key, in the form variable=value where variable is the key and value is the value to set it to.
-* If the value contains quotes or characters which are parsed by the shell, you may need to enclose the value in double quotes. This requires the -w parameter to use.
+* If the value contains quotes or characters which are parsed by the shell, you may need to enclose the value in double quotes. This requires the -w parameter to use
-<syntaxhighlight lang="bash" highlight="1" line>
-</syntaxhighlight>
 === Optionen ===
 {| class="wikitable sortable options gnu"
@@ Zeile 58: / Zeile 59: @@
 | -r, --pattern pattern || Only apply settings that match pattern. The pattern uses extended regular expression syntax.
 |-
-| -A  || Alias of -a
+| -A || Alias of -a
 |-
-| -d  || Alias of -h
+| -d || Alias of -h
 |-
-| -f  || Alias of -p
+| -f || Alias of -p
 |-
-| -X  || Alias of -a
+| -X || Alias of -a
 |-
-| -o  || Does nothing, exists for BSD compatibility.
+| -o || Does nothing, exists for BSD compatibility.
 |-
-| -x  || Does nothing, exists for BSD compatibility.
+| -x || Does nothing, exists for BSD compatibility.
 |-
 | -h, --help || Display help text and exit.
@@ Zeile 89: / Zeile 90: @@
 /sbin/sysctl -a --pattern 'net.ipv4.conf.(eth|wlan)0.arp'
 /sbin/sysctl --system --pattern '^net.ipv6'
+</syntaxhighlight>
 = Veraltete Parameter =
 * The base_reachable_time and retrans_time are deprecated.
 * The sysctl command does not allow changing values of these parameters.
-* Users who insist to use deprecated kernel interfaces should push values to /proc file system by other means. For example:
+* Users who insist to use deprecated kernel interfaces should push values to /proc file system by other means.
+For example:
+<syntaxhighlight lang="bash" highlight="1" line>
- echo 256 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/neigh/eth0/base_reachable_time
+echo 256 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/neigh/eth0/base_reachable_time
 </syntaxhighlight>
 === Problembehebung ===
 == Konfiguration ==
 === Dateien ===
- /proc/sys
+/proc/sys
- /etc/sysctl.conf
+/etc/sysctl.conf
 <noinclude>
@@ Zeile 112: / Zeile 118: @@
 ===== Man-Page =====
 * sysctl.conf(5)
 * regex(7)