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== Protokollbox ==
== Protokollbox ==
=== Protokollbox 1 ===
[[Foxwiki:Vorlage/Tabelle/Protokollbox]]
{| class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin-left: 10px;"
|- style="background-color:#c0c0ff;"
| colspan="2"  align=center| '''IP (Internet Protocol) '''
|-
| | '''Familie'''
| | [[Internetprotokolle]]
|-
| | '''Einsatzgebiet'''
|  | Datenpaketversendungsowohl lokal als auchweltweit über verschiedeneNetzwerke
IP im [[TCP/IP-Protokollstapel]]:
{|
|-
| style="background-color:#ffeebb;" | Anwendung
| style="background-color:#ddddff;" | [[HTTP]]
| style="background-color:#ddddff;" | [[IMAP]]
| style="background-color:#ddddff;" | [[SMTP]]
| style="background-color:#ddddff;" | [[DNS]]
| style="background-color:#ddddff;" | …
|-
| style="background-color:#ffeebb;" | Transport
| colspan="3"  style="background-color:#eeeeff;" | [[TCP]]
| colspan="2"  style="background-color:#eeeeff;" | [[UDP]]
|-
| style="background-color:#ffcc99;" | '''Internet'''
| colspan="5"  style="background-color:#9999ff;" | '''[[IP]] ([[IPv4]], [[IPv6]])'''
|-
| style="background-color:#ffeebb;" | Netzzugang
| style="background-color:#eeeeee;" | [[Ethernet]]
| style="background-color:#eeeeee;" | [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Token_Bus TokenBus]
| style="background-color:#eeeeee;" | [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Token_Ring TokenRing]
| style="background-color:#eeeeee;" | [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiber_Distributed_Data_Interface FDDI]
| style="background-color:#eeeeee;" | …
|-
|}
| colspan="2" |
|-
| | '''Standards '''
| | [https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8200 RFC 8200] (IPv6, 2017)[https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc791 RFC 791] (IPv4, 1981)
|-
|}
 
<br clear=all>
 
=== Protokollbox 2 ===
{| class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin-left: 10px;"
|- style="background-color:#c0c0ff;"
| colspan="2" | '''IP (Internet Protocol) '''
|-
| | '''Familie'''
| style="" | [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internetprotokolle Internetprotokolle]
|-
| align=center style="" | '''Einsatzgebiet: '''
| style="" | Datenpaketversendungsowohl lokal als auchweltweit über verschiedeneNetzwerke
IP im [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCP/IP-Protokollstapel TCP/IP-Protokollstapel]:
{|
|-
| style="background-color:#ffeebb;" | Anwendung
| style="background-color:#ddddff;" | [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol HTTP]
| style="background-color:#ddddff;" | [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Message_Access_Protocol IMAP]
| style="background-color:#ddddff;" | [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simple_Mail_Transfer_Protocol SMTP]
| style="background-color:#ddddff;" | [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System DNS]
| style="background-color:#ddddff;" | …
|-
| style="background-color:#ffeebb;" | Transport
| colspan="3"  style="background-color:#eeeeff;" | [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol TCP]  
| colspan="2"  style="background-color:#eeeeff;" | [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_Datagram_Protocol UDP]  
|-
| style="background-color:#ffcc99;" | '''Internet'''
| colspan="5"  style="background-color:#9999ff;" | '''IP ([https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPv4 IPv4], [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPv6 IPv6])'''
|-
| style="background-color:#ffeebb;" | Netzzugang
| style="background-color:#eeeeee;" | [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethernet Ethernet]
| style="background-color:#eeeeee;" | [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Token_Bus TokenBus]
| style="background-color:#eeeeee;" | [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Token_Ring TokenRing]
| style="background-color:#eeeeee;" | [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiber_Distributed_Data_Interface FDDI]
| style="background-color:#eeeeee;" | …
|-
|}
|- style=""
| colspan="2" |
|-
| align=center style="" | '''Standards: '''
| style="" | [https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8200 RFC 8200] (IPv6, 2017)[https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc791 RFC 791] (IPv4, 1981)
|-
|}
<br clear=all>
 
=== Protokollbox 3 ===
{| {{{2|class="float-right"}}} cellspacing="3"
|+ QUIC im [[TCP/IP-Referenzmodell|TCP/IP-Protokollstapel]]
|- style="background:#DDDDFF;"
|style="background:#FFEEBB"| Anwendung
| [[HTTP/3]]
|colspan="2"| [[DNS over QUIC]]
|colspan="2"| …
|- style="text-align:center"
|style="background:#FFCC99"| '''Transport'''
|colspan="5" style="background:#9999FF"| '''QUIC'''
|- style="text-align:center"
|style="background:#FFEEBB"| Transport
|colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEFF"| [[User Datagram Protocol|UDP]]
|- style="text-align:center"
|style="background:#FFEEBB"| Internet
|colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEFF"| [[Internet Protocol|IP]] ([[IPv4]], [[IPv6]])
|- style="text-align:center"
|rowspan="2" style="background:#FFEEBB"| Netzzugang
|rowspan="2" style="background:#EEEEEE"| [[Ethernet]]
|rowspan="2" style="background:#EEEEEE"| [[Token Bus|Token<br />Bus]]
|rowspan="2" style="background:#EEEEEE"| [[Token Ring|Token<br />Ring]]
|rowspan="2" style="background:#EEEEEE"| [[Fiber Distributed Data Interface|FDDI]]
|rowspan="2" style="background:#EEEEEE"| …
|}
<br clear=all>
{| class="wikitable options"
|- style="background:#DDDDFF;"
| style="background:#FFEEBB"| Anwendung || [[HTTP]] || [[IMAP]] || [[SMTP]] || [[DNS]] || …
|-
| style="background:#FFEEBB"| Transport || colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEFF"| [[Transmission Control Protocol|TCP]]/[[User Datagram Protocol|UDP]]
|-
| style="background:#FFEEBB"| Internet || colspan="10" style="background:#EEEEFF colspan="5""| [[Internet Protocol|IP]] ([[IPv4]], [[IPv6]])
|-
| style="background:#FFEEBB"| Netzzugang
| style="background:#EEEEEE"| [[Ethernet]]
| style="background:#EEEEEE"| [[Token&nbsp;Bus]]
| style="background:#EEEEEE"| [[Token&nbsp;Ring]]
| style="background:#EEEEEE"| [[Fiber&nbsp;Distributed&nbsp;Data&nbsp;Interface|FDDI]]
| style="background:#EEEEEE"| …
|}
 
<br clear=all>


== Verkapselung ==
== Verkapselung ==

Version vom 5. Januar 2024, 14:41 Uhr

Optionen

Foxwiki:Vorlage/Tabelle/Optionen

Float

Foxwiki:Vorlage/Tabelle/Float

Protokoll-Header

Überschrift
SNMP-Paket-Header PDU-Header PDU-Body
Versionsnummer Community-Name Pakettyp (Get, GetNext …) RequestID Fehlerstatus Fehler-Index Variable Bindung 1 Variable Bindung 2 … Variable Bindung n 
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" style="border-collapse:collapse;"
|+ '''Überschrift'''
|-
! colspan="2" style="background-color:#ffffcc;" | SNMP-Paket-Header
! colspan="4" style="background-color:#ddffcc;" | PDU-Header
! colspan="4" style="background-color:#aaffaa;" | PDU-Body
|-
| style="background-color:#aaffcc;" | Versionsnummer 
| style="background-color:#aaddcc;" |  Community-Name 
| style="background-color:#aaeecc;" | Pakettyp (Get, GetNext …) 
| style="background-color:#aaffbb;" | RequestID 
| style="background-color:#aaffaa;" | Fehlerstatus 
| style="background-color:#abffcc;" | Fehler-Index 
| style="background-color:#acffcc;" | Variable Bindung 1 
| style="background-color:#adffcc;" | Variable Bindung 2 
| style="background-color:#aeffcc;" | … 
| style="background-color:#afffcc;" | Variable Bindung n
|}

IPv4

IPv4 (bit)

00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
Version IHL DSCP ECN Gesamtlänge H
e
a
d
e
r
Identifikation Flags Fragment Offset
TTL Protokoll Header-Prüfsumme
Sender-IP-Adresse
Empfänger-IP-Adresse
Optionen Padding
Payload 
{| class="header" border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="text-align:center;margin:auto;"
! style="text-align:center !important; font-weight: normal;" "width="3%"| 00  
! style="text-align:center !important; font-weight: normal;" "width="3%"| 01
! style="text-align:center !important; font-weight: normal;" "width="3%"| 02
! style="text-align:center !important; font-weight: normal;" "width="3%"| 03
! style="text-align:center !important; font-weight: normal;" "width="3%"| 04
! style="text-align:center !important; font-weight: normal;" "width="3%"| 05
! style="text-align:center !important; font-weight: normal;" "width="3%"| 06
! style="text-align:center !important; font-weight: normal;" "width="3%"| 07
! style="text-align:center !important; font-weight: normal;" "width="3%"| 08
! style="text-align:center !important; font-weight: normal;" "width="3%"| 09
! style="text-align:center !important; font-weight: normal;" "width="3%"| 10
! style="text-align:center !important; font-weight: normal;" "width="3%"| 11
! style="text-align:center !important; font-weight: normal;" "width="3%"| 12
! style="text-align:center !important; font-weight: normal;" "width="3%"| 13
! style="text-align:center !important; font-weight: normal;" "width="3%"| 14
! style="text-align:center !important; font-weight: normal;" "width="3%"| 15
! style="text-align:center !important; font-weight: normal;" "width="3%"| 16
! style="text-align:center !important; font-weight: normal;" "width="3%"| 17
! style="text-align:center !important; font-weight: normal;" "width="3%"| 18
! style="text-align:center !important; font-weight: normal;" "width="3%"| 19
! style="text-align:center !important; font-weight: normal;" "width="3%"| 20
! style="text-align:center !important; font-weight: normal;" "width="3%"| 21
! style="text-align:center !important; font-weight: normal;" "width="3%"| 22
! style="text-align:center !important; font-weight: normal;" "width="3%"| 23
! style="text-align:center !important; font-weight: normal;" "width="3%"| 24
! style="text-align:center !important; font-weight: normal;" "width="3%"| 25
! style="text-align:center !important; font-weight: normal;" "width="3%"| 26
! style="text-align:center !important; font-weight: normal;" "width="3%"| 27
! style="text-align:center !important; font-weight: normal;" "width="3%"| 28
! style="text-align:center !important; font-weight: normal;" "width="3%"| 29
! style="text-align:center !important; font-weight: normal;" "width="3%"| 30
! style="text-align:center !important; font-weight: normal;" "width="3%"| 31
! style="text-align:center !important; font-weight: normal;" "width="3%"| 
|-
| style="background-color:#d6c4ff;" colspan="4"| [[IPv4/Header#Version|Version]]
| style="background-color:#dfffcb;" colspan="4"| [[IPv4/Header#IHL | IHL]]
| style="background-color:#ffbfc0;" colspan="6"| [[IPv4/Header#DSCP | DSCP]]
| style="background-color:#ffbfc0;" colspan="2"| [[IPv4/Header#ECN | ECN]]
| style="background-color:#b5bcff;" colspan="16"| [[IPv4/Header#Gesamtlänge|Gesamtlänge]]
! style="text-align:center !important; font-weight: normal;" "width="3%" rowspan="6"| H</br>e</br>a</br>d</br>e</br>r
|-
| style="background-color:#fff1b0;" colspan="16"| [[IPv4/Header#Identifikation|Identifikation]]
| style="background-color:#d6c4ff;" colspan="3"| [[IPv4/Header#Flags|Flags]]
| style="background-color:#fff1b0;" colspan="13"| [[IPv4/Header#Fragment Offset|Fragment Offset]]
|-
| style="background-color:#adfff6;" colspan="8"| [[IPv4/Header#TTL|TTL]]
| style="background-color:#efbcff;" colspan="8"| [[IPv4/Header#Protokoll|Protokoll]]
| style="background-color:#b5bcff;" colspan="16"| [[IPv4/Header#Header-Prüfsumme|Header-Prüfsumme]]
|-
|style="background-color:#d1ffac;" colspan="32"| [[IPv4/Header#Sender-IP-Adresse|Sender-IP-Adresse]]
|-
|style="background-color:#ffbfc0;" colspan="32"| [[IPv4/Header#Empfänger-IP-Adresse|Empfänger-IP-Adresse]]
|-
|style="background-color:#fff1b0;" colspan="24"| [[IPv4/Header#Optionen|Optionen]] 
|style="background-color:#d6c4ff;" colspan="8"| [[IPv4/Header#Padding|Padding]] 
|-
|style="background-color:#d9e4ff;" colspan="32" | [[IPv4/Header#Payload|Payload]]
|}


=== IPv4 (Felder)===
{| border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="text-align:center;margin:auto;"
! width="12%"| 0–3
! width="12%"| 4–7
! width="16%"| 8–13
! width="8%"| 14–15
! width="9%"| 16–18
! width="15%"| 19–23
! width="12%"| 24–27
! width="12%"| 28–31
|-
| style="background-color:#d6c4ff;"| [[IP-Paket#Version|Version]]
| style="background-color:#dfffcb;"| [[IP-Paket#IHL (Internet Header Length)|IHL]]
| style="background-color:#ffbfc0;"| [[DSCP]]
| style="background-color:#ffbfc0;"| [[Explicit Congestion Notification|ECN]]
| style="background-color:#b5bcff;" colspan="4"| [[IP-Paket#Total Length|Gesamtlänge]]
|-
| style="background-color:#fff1b0;" colspan="4"| [[IP-Paket#Identification|Identifikation]]
| style="background-color:#d6c4ff;" | [[IP-Paket#Flags|Flags]]
| style="background-color:#fff1b0;" colspan="3"| [[IP-Paket#Fragment Offset|Fragment Offset]]
|-
| style="background-color:#adfff6;" colspan="2"| [[Time-to-live|TTL]]
| style="background-color:#efbcff;" colspan="2"| [[Protokoll (IP)|Protokoll]]
| style="background-color:#b5bcff;" colspan="4"| Header-[[Prüfsumme]]
|-
|style="background-color:#d1ffac;" colspan="8"| Quell-IP-Adresse
|-
|style="background-color:#ffbfc0;" colspan="8"| Ziel-IP-Adresse
|-
|style="background-color:#fff1b0;" colspan="6"| ''Optionen …''
|style="background-color:#d6c4ff;" colspan="2"| ''Padding …''
|}


 <nowiki>{| border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="text-align:center;margin:auto;"
! width="12%"| 0–3
! width="12%"| 4–7
! width="16%"| 8–13
! width="8%"| 14–15
! width="9%"| 16–18
! width="15%"| 19–23
! width="12%"| 24–27
! width="12%"| 28–31
|-
| style="background-color:#d6c4ff;"| [[IP-Paket#Version|Version]]
| style="background-color:#dfffcb;"| [[IP-Paket#IHL (Internet Header Length)|IHL]]
| style="background-color:#ffbfc0;"| [[DSCP]]
| style="background-color:#ffbfc0;"| [[Explicit Congestion Notification|ECN]]
| style="background-color:#b5bcff;" colspan="4"| [[IP-Paket#Total Length|Gesamtlänge]]
|-
| style="background-color:#fff1b0;" colspan="4"| [[IP-Paket#Identification|Identifikation]]
| style="background-color:#d6c4ff;" | [[IP-Paket#Flags|Flags]]
| style="background-color:#fff1b0;" colspan="3"| [[IP-Paket#Fragment Offset|Fragment Offset]]
|-
| style="background-color:#adfff6;" colspan="2"| [[Time-to-live|TTL]]
| style="background-color:#efbcff;" colspan="2"| [[Protokoll (IP)|Protokoll]]
| style="background-color:#b5bcff;" colspan="4"| Header-[[Prüfsumme]]
|-
|style="background-color:#d1ffac;" colspan="8"| Quell-IP-Adresse
|-
|style="background-color:#ffbfc0;" colspan="8"| Ziel-IP-Adresse
|-
|style="background-color:#fff1b0;" colspan="6"| ''Optionen …''
|style="background-color:#d6c4ff;" colspan="2"| ''Padding …''
|}

IPv6

IPv6 (bit)

Byte/Bit 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
1 Version Traffic Class Flow Label H
e
a
d
e
r
2 Payload Length Next Header Hop Limit
3 Sender-IP-Adresse
4
5
6
7 Empfänger-IP-Adresse
8
9
10
11+ Payload

IPv6 (Felder)

Byte/Nibble 00–03 04–07 08–11 12–15 16-19 20–23 24–27 28–31
01 Version Traffic Class Flow Label H
e
a
d
e
r
02 Payload Length Next Header Hop Limit
03 - 06 Quell-IP-Adresse
07 - 10 Ziel-IP-Adresse
11+ Payload

128 Bit

0–7 8–15 16–23 24–31 32–39 40–47 48–55 56–63 56–63 56–63 56–63 56–63 56–63 56–63 56–63 56–127
0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000

16 Byte

01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

MAC-Adresse

48 Bit

0–7 8–15 16–23 24–31 32–39 40–47
cccc ccUG cccc cccc cccc cccc xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx
Adresse 0–7 8–15 16–23 24–31 32–39 40–47
MAC-Adresse (48 Bit) cccc ccUG cccc cccc cccc cccc xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx

64 Bit

0–7 8–15 16–23 24–31 32–39 40–47 48–55 56–63
cccc ccUG cccc cccc cccc cccc xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx
Adresse 0–7 8–15 16–23 24–31 32–39 40–47 48–55 56–63
IEEE EUI-64 Adresse (64 Bit) cccc cc0G cccc cccc cccc cccc xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx
IPv6-Interface ID Adresse (64 Bit) cccc cc1G cccc cccc cccc cccc xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx

RFC

RFC Titel
950 Internet Standard Subnetting Procedure
3021 Using 31-Bit Prefixes on IPv4 Point-to-Point Links
5942 IPv6 Subnet Model: The Relationship between Links and Subnet Prefixes


OSI-Modell

Router

7 7
6 6
5 5
4 4
3 3 3
2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1

Protokollbox

Foxwiki:Vorlage/Tabelle/Protokollbox

Verkapselung

HTTP-Nachricht
TCP-Segment
IP-Datagram
Ethernet-Frame


Normen

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